Showing posts with label zoonymy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label zoonymy. Show all posts

Tuesday, January 2, 2024

The Animal Names of the Arab Ancestors

 link

Explaining the Non-human Names of Arab Kinship Groups, Volume 1

In the Arab world, people belong to kinship groups (lineages and tribes). Many lineages are named after animals, birds, and plants. Why? This survey evaluates five old explanations – “totemism,” “emulation of predatory animals,” “ancestor eponymy,” “nicknaming,” and “Bedouin proximity to nature.” It suggests a new hypothesis: Bedouin tribes use animal names to obscure their internal cleavages. Such tribes wax and wane as they attract and lose allies and clients; they include “attached” elements as well as actual kin. To prevent outsiders from spotting “attached” groups, Bedouin tribes scatter non-human names across their segments, making it difficult to link any segment with a human ancestor. Young’s argument contributes to theories of tribal organization, Arab identity, onomastics, and Near Eastern kinship.

Year: 2024

Friday, March 3, 2023

Conference "By the beast !! The linguistic and cultural use of animal names in antiquity and the Middle Ages"

 link 


The research network ZOOMATHIA is organizing in Montpellier with the laboratory CRISES and in association with ANIMED network from October 19 to 21, 2023 an International Conference dedicated to animal names.

This conference focuses on several linguistic and pragmatic uses of zoonyms and the real animals that motivate them: those that have multiple names (polyonymy) and those that do not; those that share their names with other animals; those that give their names to (or receive them from) humans, places, diseases, or other objects in the world; those that change their names (metonomasia) and natures over time or by switching to another language; those that receive a naturalistic existence based solely on a name (« paper animals »)…

This conference aims to explore not only the tradition proper to Antiquity, but also its reception in the Middle Ages, how new ways of naming animals appear. The languages concerned are all those of the cultures of classical antiquity (Greek, Latin, Egyptian languages, West Semitic languages). For the Middle Ages, zoonyms in Persian, Arabic, Slavic languages and vernacular languages (French, Italian…) will also be addressed… Between all these languages, the questions of translation specific to zoological literature are particularly interesting to consider.

Our aim is indeed to « grasp the animal by its names », through lexical, etymological and onomatopoeic questions, showing phenomena of derivation or metaphor. We will also try to see what zoonymy reveals about the conceptions of the world, notably through the links between zoonyms and toponyms (epichoric zoonyms, zoophoric toponyms). In addition to these zoonymic questions and issues, there is place to address issues related to zoo-onomastics and focus on « proper names » given to individual animals, such as horses, dogs, and oxen, both in Antiquity and the Middle Ages.

The glossary of animal names constitutes the pivot of zoological knowledge and ensures the continuity of zoological data, even if this tradition is uneven and full of misunderstandings (or facetiousness), like all transmissions. The identification of animals through (or sometimes in spite of) their names, and the inter-linguistic correspondence that can be established, through translations, bilingual lexicons or borrowings, constitute an major dimension of the topic of this conference, but the zoological, referential or translation aspects are not the only issues of this meeting.

The zoonymic terminology also plays a crucial and dynamic role at the heart of the lexical and intellectual construction of ancient societies. Zoonyms operate links between different spheres of the socio-cultural structure, which go far beyond the totemic prism, and build micro-systems or elements of discourse whose effectiveness is based on a constant work of motivation and re-motivation.

The suggested approaches are therefore multiple and encourage the communication of linguistic, historical, translational, and anthropological approaches. Either case studies or more methodological approaches to animal onomastics and the human manipulations to which it gives rise may be proposed.

Proposals for papers (500 words maximum) by experienced researchers or young scholars should be sent before April 15, 2023 to the following addresses:zoomathia@cepam.cnrs.fr.,arnaud.zucker@univ-cotedazur.fr and chrchandezon@yahoo.com. They can be formulated in the traditional languages of the Zoomathia network: French, English, German, Italian or Spanish. The scientific committee will communicate its answers on June 01, 2022.

Organizing Committee: Christophe Chandezon (Université Paul-Valéry/Montpellier III), Arnaud Zucker (Université Côte d’Azur, Nice)

Scientific Committee: Sébastien Barbara, Christophe Chandezon, Jérémy Clément, Diego De Brasi, Isabelle Draelants, Cristiana Franco, Oliver Hellmann, Stavros Lazaris, Sian Lewis, Philippe Monbrun, Jean Trinquier, Marco Vespa, Arnaud Zucker.

Monday, February 15, 2021

The most popular dog names in Sweden 2011–2020


Timeline history for dog names in Sweden 2011–20 In Sweden, every dog has to be registered in the so-called Dog Register (Hundregistret). Be cautious though if you want to use this data for anything more serious, because not all dog owners report the death of their pet to Dog Register. Data source: Swedish Board of Agriculture: https://jordbruksverket.se​ #dogs​ #names_for_dogs​ ======================= SE ======================= Inspelningen visar hundnamn i Sverige mellan 2011 och 2020. Statistiken är hämtad från Jordbruksverkets hundregister: https://jordbruksverket.se​ Var försiktig med statistiken om du vill använda den för något mer seriöst, eftersom inte alla hundägare rapporterar in att deras hund har dött till Hundregistret. #hundnamn

Sunday, May 3, 2015

Прозвище брянскому медведю-блондину подберут через интернет

http://www.interfax.ru/russia/439788

03 мая 2015 года 13:09

Москва. 3 мая. INTERFAX.RU - Минприроды России объявило конкурс в соцсетях на лучшее имя для престарелого медведя с необычным "соломенным" окрасом из заповедника "Брянский лес".

Хищник попал в поле зрение камер фотоловушек, установленных в лесу для отслеживания популяции животных, и оставил свой портрет крупным планом, отмечают в пресс-службе ведомства.

"Медведь - необычайно крупный, своеобразного окраса - светло-соломенный с нехарактерной для данного вида коричневой мочкой носа. Об очень крупном размере животного свидетельствует и то, что фотоловушка была установлена на высоте около полутора метров, и медведь оставил свой портрет, подойдя к ней вплотную", - рассказали в Минприроды.

Ученые попытались выяснить "биографию" медведя. По данным сотрудников заповедника, медвежонок точно такого же необычного окраса был выпущен на территорию заповедника в 1995 году. "Таким образом, самцу может быть около 20 лет, что является очень "преклонным" возрастом для бурых медведей", - отмечают в ведомстве.

Позже оказалось, что этого медведя несколько раз видели в заповеднике. В 2004 году специалисты записали в документах, что рост этой особи в холке составлял около метра, то есть уже 10 лет назад он уже был крупным зверем. Позже в 2009 году один из инспекторов издали снял "соломенного медведя" на мобильный телефон, а в 2011 году хищник медленно перешел дорогу патрульной машине.

Как выяснилось, у медведя уже есть потомство. В прошлом году фотоловушки запечатлели медведицу с медвежонком точно такого же соломенного цвета. "Скорее всего, родитель медвежонка и есть медведь, попавший в кадр", - подчеркнули в Минприроды.

На своей официальной страничке в одной из соцсетей Минприроды утром в четверг опубликовало фотографию необычного самца крупным планом, а также медведицы с детенышем, и предложило пользователям придумать имя для отца семейства.



Wednesday, March 11, 2015

Beiträge zur Namenforschung 50 (2015): Tiernamen – Zoonyme

https://www.winter-verlag.de/de/detail/978-3-8253-6345-1/BZN_50_2015_1_2_Haustiernamen/

http://www.amazon.de/Beitr%C3%A4ge-zur-Namenforschung-Tiernamen-Haustiere/dp/3825363457


Beiträge zur Namenforschung 50 (2015): Tiernamen – Zoonyme

Band I (Heft 1/2): Haustiere


1. Auflage, 2015 
254 Seiten
ISBN: 978-3-8253-6345-1
Sortiment: Buch
Ausgabe: Gebunden
Fachgebiet: Germanistik
lieferbar: 11.02.2015

Was verrät die Benennung von Tieren über die Beziehung zwischen Mensch und Tier? Dies ist die zentrale Frage des vorliegenden Doppelbands, der sich erstmals dem Thema Tiernamen widmet und dabei Perspektiven linguistischer Onomastik und gesellschafts- und kulturwissenschaftlicher Disziplinen zusammenführt. 20 Beiträge zu Haus- (Bd. I) und Nutztiernamen (Bd. II) untersuchen, wie und mit welchen Motivationen Tiere benannt werden und beantworten Fragen wie die folgenden: Werden Haustiere, die oft Familienmitglied sind, individueller benannt als Nutztiere? Macht der Name wie bei Menschen das Geschlecht des Tiers deutlich und gibt es hier Unterschiede zwischen Hunden, Katzen und Kaninchen? Unter welchen Bedingungen werden überhaupt Namen vergeben? Wann genügen Nummern, wann bleiben Tiere anonym? Geht mit einer Veränderung der Mensch-Tier-Beziehung, wie sie die industrialisierte Nutztierhaltung mit sich bringt, auch ein Wandel der Benennungspraktiken einher? Wie werden und wurden Tiere in anderen Kulturen benannt? Gelten für finnische Katzen ähnliche Prinzipien wie für deutsche? Was verraten Hundenamen über den Status von Hunden im alten Ägypten? Welche Funktionen erfüllen Tiernamen in mittelalterlicher Literatur? Und: Warum kann im Zulu eine Kuh ›Sie hassen mich‹ heißen?

Tuesday, July 23, 2013

Dolphins can use names to address each other

Dolphins are unique species of mammals, except human beings, who call each other by names. To such a conclusion came in the article of the scientific journal "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" (http://www.pnas.org/) Scottish biologists Stephanie L. King (http://biology.st-andrews.ac.uk/contact/staffProfile.aspx?sunid=slk33) and Vincent M. Jenik (http://biology.st-andrews.ac.uk/contact/staffProfile.aspx?sunid=vj) from the University of St. Andrews.

Abstract


In animal communication research, vocal labeling refers to incidents in which an animal consistently uses a specific acoustic signal when presented with a specific object or class of objects. Labeling with learned signals is a foundation of human language but is notably rare in nonhuman communication systems. In natural animal systems, labeling often occurs with signals that are not influenced by learning, such as in alarm and food calling. There is a suggestion, however, that some species use learned signals to label conspecific individuals in their own communication system when mimicking individually distinctive calls. Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are a promising animal for exploration in this area because they are capable of vocal production learning and can learn to use arbitrary signals to report the presence or absence of objects. Bottlenose dolphins develop their own unique identity signal, the signature whistle. This whistle encodes individual identity independently of voice features. The copying of signature whistles may therefore allow animals to label or address one another. Here, we show that wild bottlenose dolphins respond to hearing a copy of their own signature whistle by calling back. Animals did not respond to whistles that were not their own signature. This study provides compelling evidence that a dolphin’s learned identity signal is used as a label when addressing conspecifics. Bottlenose dolphins therefore appear to be unique as nonhuman mammals to use learned signals as individually specific labels for different social companions in their own natural communication system.



in English:

http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=dolphins-may-have-individual-names-13-07-22
http://www.nbcnews.com/science/hey-flipper-how-dolphins-learn-each-others-names-6C10713827
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324144304578621990347719794.html
http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2013/07/dolphin-signature-whistles/

in Russian: http://www.inopressa.ru/article/23Jul2013/focus/delfine.html

in German: http://www.scienceticker.info/2013/07/22/delfine-reagieren-auf-ihren-namen/

in French: http://lci.tf1.fr/science/environnement/les-dauphins-sauvages-s-appellent-par-leur-nom-8173742.html 
http://www.radio-canada.ca/nouvelles/science/2013/07/22/003-dauphins-sifflement-unique.shtml


Wednesday, February 13, 2013

Zoonomastics

http://uni-leipzig.de/~onoma/index.php?id=165 translated by me from German


La Zoonímia en la Onomastica [Zoonymy in the naming]

ed. by Emili Casanova

Onomàstica Mediterrània: Onomàstica d’origen zoonímic i dels intercanvis entre pobles, edició a cura d’Emili Casanova, València: Editorial Denes 2012, 446 S. ISBN: 978-84-92768-98-1.


Under this title are the proceedings of the conference "La Zoonímia en la Onomastica" (Valencia, April 2012) enviable rapidly available. It blends in activities of the international PhD program "Onomastica" from the University of Turin.

In addition to this specific topic of research, "Els assentaments i les circulacions onomastiques a la Mediterrània" [Settlements and name exchanges in the Mediterranean] has been treated.