Namenkolloquium „Namen und Übersetzung“ in Leipzig

http://www.onomastikblog.de/artikel/ankuendigungen/cfp-namenkolloquium-namen-und-uebersetzung-in-leipzig/

Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Namenforschung/GfN lädt am 8. Oktober 2016 in Leipzig zum Kolloqium "Namen und Übersetzung" ein.



Mit dieser Einladung ist der entsprechende Call for Papers verbunden: Wir würden uns über Vorschläge zu dieser durchaus interessanten und komplexen Thematik bis zum 30. April sehr freuen! Da die Beiträge zu dieser Thematik das Schwerpunktthema des Jahresbandes 2016 der Namenkundlichen Informationen bilden, ist der definitive Abgabetermin der Manuskripte: 30. November 2016 unbedingt zu beachten.

Entsprechende Korrespondenz richten Sie bitte direkt an kremer@uni-trier.de.

Mit der Durchführung dieses in der Vergangenheit traditionellen Kolloquiums möchten wir eine

Ordentliche Mitgliederversammlung
verbinden. Wir wären Ihnen dankbar, Sie könnten sich diesen Termin freihalten. Gleichzeitig bitten wir bereits jetzt um Themenvorschläge und Diskussionsbeiträge.

Einzelheiten zu den für 2017 geplanten Veranstaltungen folgen demnächst.

Kolloquium "Namen und Übersetzung" und anschließende Mitgliederversammlung der Gesellschaft für Namenforschung

8.Oktober 2016, Universitätsarchiv Leipzig, Prager Straße 6, 04103 Leipzig

Etudes d’onomastique égyptienne

http://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/catalogue/978-2-7247-0662-8/

Yannis Gourdon, Åke Engsheden

Etudes d’onomastique égyptienne

Méthodologie et nouvelles approches

Les Études d’onomastique égyptienne. Méthodologie et nouvelles approches marquent l’existence depuis 2008 à l’Ifao d’un programme de recherche consacré aux recherches en onomastique. Cet ouvrage rassemble les articles remaniés issus de communications présentées lors de séminaires tenus en 2008 et 2009, qui témoignent de l’attention croissante portée aux études d’onomastique en égyptologie.

De fait, noms de lieux et noms de personnes jouent un rôle essentiel dans l’organisation de l’espace et de la vie sociale. Ce rôle est manifeste tout au long de l’époque pharaonique, et ce depuis les mentions de toponymes dans les toutes premières inscriptions de la période prédynastique, jusqu’aux anthroponymes présents dans les graffiti démotiques.

Les articles de ce volume résument les précédentes recherches en la matière, mais aussi fournissent de nouvelles pistes et hypothèses. Les noms sont ainsi analysés dans des études ayant trait, notamment, à la grammaire égyptienne, à la sémantique, à la prosopographie et à la géographie.

The Études d’onomastique égyptienne. Méthodologie et nouvelles approches underscores the presence of a research programme at the IFAO devoted to onomastic research since 2008. This volume contains the reworked papers from some seminars held in Cairo in 2008 and 2009, which testify to the increasing attention paid to onomastic studies in Egyptology.

In fact, names of places and people play an indispensable role in organising space and social life. This is clearly visible throughout the pharaonic period from the mention of place-names from the very first texts of the Predynastic through to the personal names of late Demotic graffiti.
The articles in this volume sum up previous research and also contribute with new insights and hypotheses. Names are explored through studies relating to aspects such as Egyptian grammar, semantic fields, prosopography and geography.

IF1107, ISBN 978-2-7247-0662-8
2016
Collection: RAPH 38
1 vol., 288 p., 25 €

SOMMAIRE

Laure Pantalacci

Préface ...................................................................................vii

Åke Engsheden et Yannis Gourdon

Introduction ..............................................................................I

Première partie

Méthodologie et historiographie

Yannis Gourdon

L’étude des anthroponymes du IIIe millénaire  

Approche méthodologique .........................................................9

Vincent Razanajao

Les noms de lieux de l’Égypte  et les sciences toponymiques en égyptologie ............................29

Deuxième partie

Toponymie

Katherine Blouin

L’Agathos Daimôn dans l’Égypte hellénistique et romaine  

Au confluent de l’hydronymie et de l’onomastique .....................73

Åke Engsheden

Aux confins de l’étymologie  

Rakotis, le nom indigène d’Alexandrie ....................................87

Yannis Gourdon

Onomastique égyptienne croisée

Quand les noms de lieux et de personnes s’entremêlent au IIIe millénaire ..............................................101 

Isabelle Marthot

La toponymie d’un village de Moyenne-Égypte  et de sa campagne aux vie et viiie siècles apr. J.-C. Le cas d’Aphroditê dans l’Antaiopolite  d’après les papyrus grecs  .......................................................161

Troisième partie

Anthroponymie

Cédric Gobeil

La joie pour identité   Les modalités d’emploi des termes liés  à la joie dans l’anthroponymie égyptienne ..............................179

Yannis Gourdon

Nommer les hommes d’après les dieux Expression de la piété personnelle  dans l’Égypte du IIIe millénaire .............................................235

Frédéric Payraudeau

Anthroponymie et histoire sociale  à la Troisième Période intermédiaire ......................................253

Second Call for Papers: American Name Society 2017

http://www.americannamesociety.org/second-call-for-papers-ans-2017-austin-tx-january-5-8-2017/

The ANS is inviting abstract submissions for the 2017 annual conference to be held in conjunction with the Linguistic Society of America.  Abstracts in any area of onomastic research are welcome.
The deadline for receipt of abstracts is June 30, 2016.

To submit a proposal, complete the 2017 Author Information Sheet found here. Please email this completed form to Dr. I. M. Nick [mavi.yaz@web.de]. For organizational purposes, please be sure to include the phrase “ANS 2017” in the subject line of your email.

Presenters who may need additional time to secure international payments and travel visas to the United States are urged to submit their proposal as soon as possible.

All proposals will be subjected to blind review.

Official notification of proposal acceptances will be sent on or before September 30, 2016.
All authors whose papers have been accepted must be current members of the ANS and need to register with both the ANS and the Linguistic Society of America.

Please feel free to contact Dr. I. M. Nick should you have any questions or concerns.

We look forward to receiving your Submission!

Traditional names fall in number as Scotland becomes more multicultural

http://www.scotsman.com/news/traditional-names-fall-in-number-as-scotland-becomes-more-multicultural-1-4104972

Smith, Brown and Wilson have registered the highest numbers since analysis began back in 1975.

http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/traditional-scottish-surnames-dying-out-1886291#QRZFk0W4I6QWyox8.97

But their numbers are dwindling as Scotland’s multicultural makeup starts to emerge through recorded Births, Deaths and Marriages - and recorded births continue to fall.

In 2015, Smith remained the most common name in Scotland with 1,929 instances noted on official records of major life events. The reign of the Smiths is could be ending though, and last year it was recorded on 790 fewer records than it was 40 years earlier.

The numbers of Browns are also falling, with 1,438 life records bearing the name last year – down 532 on the 1975 figure. Wilsons too saw their number fall, from 1,886 40 years ago to 1,352 last year - down 534.

The National Records of Scotland have recorded trends in surnames every five years since 1975.
After Smith, Brown and Wilson, there have been five other names consistently taking spots four to eight.

They are Stewart, Thomson, Robertson, Campbell and Anderson. Of these, only Stewart and Thomson were more common last year than they were in 1975.

Professor Carole Hough, Professor of Onomastics at Glasgow University, said most surnames came from a place, an occupation, a relationship, or a characteristic.

Campbell, which originates from Argyll, could fall into the latter category and is drawn from the two Gaelic words Cam and Beal, which when used together translate as crooked mouth.
She added that the age of some names, such as Murray - from Moray - and very common professions - such as blacksmith - led to “multiple occurrences” of surnames, such as Smith.
Professor Hough said: “Surnames from place-names, as with Murray, from Moray in Scotland, are among the oldest, so they have had time to become well established and to spread.
“Some occupations, such as smith, were very common, so they have given rise to multiple occurrences of the same surname.

“However, the occupation had to be sufficiently distinctive to identify individual people – if it were too common, it wouldn’t serve that purpose. There would probably be one smith in every village, but only one.
“Some personal names, such as William, Thomas, Robert, Andrew and Donald, were very common during the time when surnames were evolving, so they gave rise to multiple occurrences of William’s son, Thomas’s son, Donald’s son.”


Read more: http://www.scotsman.com/news/traditional-names-fall-in-number-as-scotland-becomes-more-multicultural-1-4104972#ixzz472umg0DL

Czech Republic to Change Name to Czechia

Notice her pronunciation of "Czechia"))) It must be CzeKia!!! I am very sorry, my dear Czech friends.

Vláda schválila jméno České republiky CZECHIA

BBC News report on changing country name to Czechia

Czech Republic renaming has real economic costs

http://globalriskinsights.com/2016/04/czech-republic-renaming-has-economic-costs/

by Jeremy Luedi

Recent efforts in the Czech Republic to rebrand the country as Czechia will only cause confusion for businesses, advertisers, and investors alike.



The Czech government has decided to change the country’s name to Czechia, in an effort to better promote the national brand. While the official name of the country remains the Czech Republic, the country will adopt the shorter moniker (akin to France instead of the French Republic) and register the new name with the UN.

What’s in a name?

Since Czechoslovakia (itself an ad hoc creation which emerged from the ruins of the Austro-Hungarian Empire) broke up in 1993, both the Czech Republic and Slovakia have been facing an identity crisis. Czechoslovakia broke up without a popular referendum, despite over a million citizens calling for one in the early 1990s. Similarly, the Czech Republic’s recent name change has been undertaken without public input.

‘Czechia’ itself was picked by public relations professionals who felt that a one word name would better sell the country. Despite this, there exists substantial public opposition to the name: a poll conducted in 2013 found 73% of respondents disliked the name. The head of the Institute for the Czech Language described the name change as “forced through,” and regional development minister Karla Slechtova has complained that it sounds too similar to Chechnya — hardly a flattering comparison.



The Czech Republic already has sufficient problems in promoting national brand awareness, as the country has to fight for recognition with ‘Czechoslovakia’ in the minds of anyone over 30. One name change in a quarter century is more than enough for a country, with Czechia increasingly looking like Prague’s ‘New Coke’ moment.

Indeed, this name change has been instituted solely from the top-down. Czech President Milos Zeman is no stranger to controversy, with his concurrent perpetuation of brash nationalism and Islamophobia while leader of a social democratic party. Throw in his country’s NATO membership and his amiable relations with Russia and China, and further upsets are likely.

The political element

An interesting aside to this story is the fact that Zeman’s government is pursuing improved relations with China. Relations with Beijing have long been marred by concerns over human rights. Noted Soviet-era dissident and activist Vaclav Havel was the Czech president from 1993 to 2003, and Havel continued his support of Chinese dissidents and the Dalai Lama until his death in 2011.

In an interview with CCTV, Zeman stated that: “There was very bad relationship between China and the former government of the Czech Republic – former government, I stress – because this government [had] been very submissive to the pressure from the U.S. and from the EU [sic].”
Xi Jinping became the first Chinese leader to visit the Czech Republic at the end of March 2016, signalling greater rapprochement between Prague and Beijing. During his visit, Xi signed a $1.79 billion deal with Prague.

Zeman is making efforts to distance his country from Havel’s activist legacy. Perhaps in some small way, Zeman’s effort to rename the country is influenced by a desire to rebrand the Czech Republic in the eyes of China. China is a major market for automobiles and alcoholic beverages, two of the largest Czech exports.

Add to this Zeman’s amiable relations with Russia—a move that also goes against Havel’s legacy—and one can begin to add a geopolitical dimension to the name change. To top it all off, Havel hated the name ‘Czechia’, claiming it reminded him of crawling slugs.

Czech Republic renaming has real economic costs

The discussion over renaming the Czech Republic may appear rather odd, even frivolous, but it has serious implications. Impacts on national identity and history aside, the change to Czechia will impact the Czech economy.

Firstly, the name change has not been well-timed, as the country’s uniforms, memorabilia, and advertising for the upcoming 2016 Olympics have already been produced to feature ‘Czech Republic.’ For a small country such as the Czech Republic, the Olympics is a rare occasion to, if only briefly, gain greater international attention.

Furthermore, the country has already spent $40 million on a tourism campaign that heavily features the name ‘Czech Republic’. The Czech Republic is known for three things: beer, hockey, and heavy industry (notably Skoda). The Czech brewing industry has created a valuable brand (such as the Pilsner Urquell) with the ‘Czech’ moniker and will likely continue to utilize it, undermining government efforts to promote ‘Czechia’. After spending decades establishing themselves in international markets, Czech brewing companies are not simply going to shift entire branding departments towards an untested, and unpopular alternative.

Similarly, the Czech hockey team, has and continues to use the ‘Czech’ monicker – another blow to Prague’s efforts in a hockey-obsessed nation.

Lastly, the Czech Republic’s economy has a robust manufacturing and heavy industry sector, generating much of the country’s revenue. Companies in these sectors primarily engage in B2B commerce, or subcontract for foreign firms such as Volkswagen. Consequently, they often do not rely on national branding, in so far as they need not advertise to the general public. Such firms have very small if any advertising budgets, relying on specialization, industry contacts, and supply chain integration instead.



Consequently, the government is unlikely to find much support from these firms, which will see no reason to shift their limited use of ‘Czech’ to ‘Czechia’. Similarly, flagship carrier Czech Airlines will face a branding crisis, expenses it cannot afford. The struggling airline has not once paid dividends since becoming a private corporation in 1992, having faced razor thin profits and an overcrowded European airline market.

If anything, the switch to Czechia is going to create confusion, as the private and public sectors promote two different names. With national branding undermined, there will be an ongoing risk of inter-sector discord. Indeed, even national business promotion fora (Czech Accelerator, Czech Trade Promotion Agency, Czech Invest) prominently use ‘Czech’ in their branding.

Prague would be wise to look at the fate of other renaming efforts. For instance, the renaming wave that hit India in the 1990s and 2000s saw the government eradicate city names with powerful name recognition (Bombay, Calcutta, Madras) in the name of de-colonization. While one can argue the merits of the program’s intentions, the fact remains that India killed powerful brands with centuries of tradition. To this day the renaming causes confusion in the tourism sector, compounded by the fact that many Indian businesses and individuals use the old and new names interchangeably, both domestically and at international trade fairs.

Name recognition for small countries is already hard to come by; all the Czech Republic’s recent move has done is further complicate the matter.

Changing our country’s name to Czechia won’t solve the problems

http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/apr/18/czechia-name-change-czech-republic-problems-people-government



‘It is perhaps partly because of our past that people in the Czech Republic have accepted the news with a mood of slightly amused disbelief.’ Photograph: Petr David Josek/AP

Quite fittingly, the Guardian’s story on the Czech Republic’s attempt to rebrand itself as Czechia opened with a reference to the writer Franz Kafka. For when citizens of the country awoke on Friday morning, they found that things had changed. The announcement that the country’s name was to change came as much as a surprise to the citizens of the Czech Republic as to the rest of the world.
You would think such an important decision would be the result of a broad public debate (just think of the long and complicated process New Zealand went through trying to change its flag) – but this couldn’t be further from the truth.

In a poll conducted by the newspaper Mladá Fronta Dnes in 2013, 16,845 people said they didn’t like the new name, compared with 6,160 who did. The fact that officials think they can impose something like this shows how little respect they have for those that they govern.

Even those in favour of the name change feel embarrassed by the way the government has bypassed the public

But it’s an attitude the people of the Czech Republic will be all too familiar with. There has long been division about the country’s identity. Even the breakup of Czechoslovakia, although said to be peaceful, left many people on both sides feeling bitter. It happened without a referendum, which was demanded at the time in a petition signed by more than a million Czechs and Slovaks – a huge proportion of the countries’ combined population of 15 million. The breakup happened in an apparent breach of the Czechoslovak constitution and it was imposed without any mandate from the people. Both of the successor countries have since struggled with attempts to define their identity.
The Czech Republic consists of two lands: Bohemia and Moravia (and a little bit of Silesia, too). This results in further complications over our name as most of the Moravians feel that the geographic name describing the country should take this into account, and that “Czech lands” should be the proper geographic title of the country both in Czech and in English.

It is perhaps partly because of our past that people in the Czech Republic have accepted the news with a mood of slightly amused disbelief. There is a long tradition of the Czechs making fun of themselves. But behind this, even those in favour of the name change feel embarrassed by the way the government has once again bypassed the public in this decision. To make matters worse, the name change wasn’t even the result of some expert discussion. The only people they consulted were PRs, who felt the single word title would “sell the country better”. Despite this, on the day the idea was announced, even the head of the official Institute for the Czech language described the planned change as “forced through”.

                                     

             

The question of whether or not you are supposed to – at least in a democracy – have such a debate prior to a decision rather than after it will haunt the officials, and will add to a growing feeling of estrangement between mainstream politics and everyday life. Both from outside and inside the country it looks as if the Czech government does not have anything more important to deal with. But that’s not the case. We have a president who is the Czech equivalent of Nigel Farage. So how about addressing the issues of xenophobia and anti-EU feelings? How about tackling the fact that the police harass journalists and universities just for expressing a dissenting opinion?

A government not capable of facing up to these issues might well have thought that a small distraction – an unnecessary change in the country’s name perhaps – would be worth a little embarrassment. They might think differently about it now.

Czechs agree to be named 'Czechia'

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/apr/15/czech-republic-czechia-new-name

Czechs agree to be 'Czechia' as catchy alternative

Czech Republic’s leaders settle on official short name for country and await cabinet and United Nations approval



An anti-communist rally in Prague in 1989. The Czech Republic emerged, along with Slovakia, from the peaceful breakup of the old Czechoslovakia in 1993. Photograph: Corbis

The Czech Republic’s leaders have chosen “Czechia” as the one-word alternative name of their country to make it easier for companies, politicians and sportsmen to use on products, name tags and sporting jerseys.

The choice, agreed on Thursday evening by the president, prime minister, heads of parliament and foreign and defence ministers, must still win cabinet approval before the foreign ministry can lodge the name with the United Nations and it becomes the country’s official short name.

The Czech Republic emerged, along with Slovakia, from the peaceful breakup of the old Czechoslovakia in 1993. But so far there has been no standardised one-word English name for the Czech Republic, unlike, say, France, the shortened version of the French Republic.
          

Foreign minister Lubomir Zaoralek told reporters the government decided to take action because ‘there have been distortions and misspellings’ that has led to a lot of head-scratching. The largest part of the country is known as Bohemia (“Cechy” in Czech), but there are also other parts, Moravia and Silesia, so one name is needed that does not exclude those historic lands.

The jerseys of the Czech Republic’s adored ice hockey team carry the single word “Czech”, as do bottles of the country’s premium export beer, Pilsner Urquell. But “Czech” is an adjective and cannot be used as a one-word name for the country.

Supporters of “Czechia” say the term in English can be traced back to the 19th century and was codified by the Czech surveying and mapping authority soon after the 1993 split of Czechoslovakia as a possible one-word alternative.

But it never gained traction until now and it may not have an easy start once it gains official status. To some, it sounds ugly. Others, including the regional development minister, Karla Slechtova, think it is too close to “Chechnya“, making it prone to confusion.

Slechtova tweeted on Thursday that the Czech Republic had invested more than $40m in a tourism promotion campaign using its full name, and should stick to it.

In other languages, including French and German, the Czech Republic is already designated by a single name, but in Czech itself the name ”Cesko” has made slow progress since 1993 and “Cechy” – or Bohemia – is still commonly used to mean the whole country.

Czech Republic officials say country would like to be called 'Czechia' instead

http://www.theguardian.com/weather/2016/apr/14/czech-republic-czechia-new-name

Foreign minister Lubomir Zaoralek told reporters the government decided to take action because ‘there have been distortions and misspellings’

A schoolteacher writes a possible new English name for the Czech Republic on a blackboard in Prague on Thursday. Photograph: Filip Singer/EPA

When citizens of the Czech Republic awake on Friday morning – perhaps from uneasy dreams – they are likely to find that things have changed.
But unlike the bodily transformations undergone by Gregor Samsa, the protagonist in Czech novelist Franz Kafka’s best-known work, they may be about to witness a metamorphosis of national magnitude.
Czech leaders, fed up with their country’s long and complicated full name, have proposed changing it to a single word with just three syllables: Czechia.
In a joint statement, the president, prime minister and other senior officials said they would ask the UN to update its database of geographical names with the new title, in the hope that it might take root before the country competes in the Olympics this summer.
“We recommend using the single-word name in foreign languages in situations when it’s not necessary to use the country’s formal name: sports events, marketing purposes etc,” the statement said.
The foreign minister, Lubomir Zaoralek, told reporters the government decided on the change because “there have been distortions and misspellings” in the past.
Although some Czech Republic sporting teams have long been referred to with a single word, Czech (the national ice hockey team have the word emblazoned on their jerseys), this variant – along with others including “Czechlands” and “Bohemia” – were seemingly overlooked by officials.
A new myth-busting website called Go Czechia assures readers that the name is not a neologism, and was in fact first uttered in Latin back in 1634 (its first English use came in 1841).

          

The website contends that the western part of Czechoslovakia was frequently referred to as “Czechia” in US newspapers following the birth of the nation in 1918, in the wake of the collapse of Austria-Hungary at the end of the first world war.
The Czech Republic is a successor state to former Czechoslovakia following a peaceful split with Slovakia in 1993.
The website also argues that comparisons with the US and the UK – both countries with longer, two-worded titles – are invalid, as “the Czech Republic is much less known than the United States and the United Kingdom around the world and, unlike the USA and the UK, it does not have a well-known, unique and internationally recognized abbreviation”.
The country has had misgivings over its name for years, so much so that the issue came up in conversation between President Milos Zeman and his Israeli counterpart in 2013.
“I use the word Czechia because it sounds nicer and it’s shorter than the cold Czech Republic,” Zeman told then president Shimon Peres on an official visit to Israel.
But not all Czechs are keen on the change. “I disagree with the name ‘Czechia’,” the regional development minister, Karla Slechtova, tweeted on Thursday. “I don’t want people to confuse our country with Chechnya.”

This article includes material from AFP

Namensänderung: Tschechien künftig auch ohne Republik

http://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ausland/europa/namensaenderung-tschechien-kuenftig-auch-ohne-republik-14178361.html

Die Tschechische Republik hadert mit ihrem Namen. Als „Chicken Republic“ bezeichnet und mit Tschetschenien verwechselt, hat man sich jetzt auf einen zweiten Namen geeinigt. Zufrieden sind damit noch längst nicht alle.

                                        16.04.2016, von Karl-Peter Schwarz, Wien        




                                                     
Der tschechische Präsident lud die Spitzen der Koalition in die Prager Burg, um den Vorschlag zu diskutieren.

Ein Vierteljahrhundert lang debattierten tschechische Politiker, Historiker und Intellektuelle darüber, ob es nicht eine prägnantere Bezeichnung für ihren Staat gäbe als „Česká Republika“ (Tschechische Republik). Eine alle zufriedenstellende Einigung gibt es bis heute nicht, aber jetzt steht immerhin fest, dass „Česko“ (Tschechien) der künftig zweite offizielle Staatsname ist.

                                                    

Ein entsprechender Vorschlag des sozialdemokratischen Außenministers Lubomír Zaorálek harrte am Donnerstag nur noch der Genehmigung durch die höchsten Repräsentanten des Staates, die Präsident Miloš Zeman am Nachmittag in seinen Amtssitz auf der Prager Burg geladen hatte. Es bestand kein Zweifel darüber, dass der Präsident, der Ministerpräsident, der Verteidigungsminister und die Vorsitzenden der beiden Häuser des Parlaments damit einverstanden sein würden, die Vereinten Nationen in einem Brief vom Wunsch der Tschechischen Republik in Kenntnis zu setzen, „Česko“, Englisch: „Czechia“, als Zweitnamen in den offiziellen UN-Sprachen (Arabisch, Chinesisch, Englisch, Französisch, Russisch und Spanisch) zu verwenden.


Zu den Pionieren in der Verwendung des Kurznamens zählt Präsident Zeman, der ihn erstmals schon vor drei Jahren während eines Staatsbesuches in Israel verwendete. „Czechia“ sei besser als der umständlichere und „unfreundliche“ lange Staatsnamen, sagte Zeman damals.

Entgegen einem gelegentlich kolportierten Missverständnis ist nicht „Česko„das tschechische Wort für Böhmen, dafür steht das Pluralwort „Čechy“. Bei „Česko“ handelt sich dennoch nicht um eine Wortneuschöpfung, denn der Begriff fand bereits Mitte des 19. Jahrhundert Eingang in die tschechische Sprache und geriet erst später in Vergessenheit. Der Historiker und Politiker František Palacký verwendete ihn für die tschechisch besiedelten Gebiete Böhmens, als er auf dem Kremsier Reichstag (1848/49) eine Föderalisierung der Habsburgermonarchie nach streng ethnischen Kriterien vorschlug.

Der von Hitler genutzte Begriff „Tschechei“ bleibt verpönt

Es waren weniger historische, als pragmatische Überlegungen, die Zaorálek zu seiner Initiative veranlassten. Es sei nicht gut für ein Land, wenn es keine klar definierten Symbole hat oder nicht einmal klar sagt, wie es heißt, sagte der Außenminister. Der kurze Name erleichtere es, das Land und seine Produkte international zu vermarkten. Auf seinen Reisen habe er außerdem feststellen müssen, dass „Czech Republic“ gelegentlich „verstümmelt“ werde. Um welche Verstümmelungen es sich dabei handelte, sagte Zaorálek nicht. Ein tschechischer Diplomat sagte dieser Zeitung einmal, nicht nur die Verwechslung mit Tschetschenien („Chechen Republic“) liege nahe, er habe sogar schon einmal „Chicken Republic“ hören müssen.

Damit ist es nun vorbei. Fest steht, dass der abwertend empfundene deutsche Begriff „Tschechei“, der die Tschechen an Hitler erinnert, verpönt bleibt. Auf deutsch heißt „Česko“ nur „Tschechien“, ein Begriff, der sich in deutschen und österreichischen Medien bereits weitgehend durchgesetzt hat, aber eben nicht offiziell war.

Kritik an der Namensgebung gab es nicht nur seitens der Opposition, sondern auch in der Regierung. Finanzminister Andrej Babiš, der Nationalität nach Slowake, äußerte die Befürchtung, dass sich „Czechia“ international kaum durchsetzen dürfte. Der christlich-demokratische Kulturminister Daniel Herman sagte, der kurze Name klinge nicht gut, aber ihm falle auch kein besserer ein. Strikt dagegen sprach sich der frühere Außenminister Karel Schwarzenberg aus. Er plädierte für „Bohemia“ und berief sich dabei auf eine jahrhundertealte Geschichte. Böhmen allerdings, die Heimat von Tschechen und Deutschen, ist mit der Vertreibung der Deutschen nach dem Krieg untergegangen. Geblieben ist „Česko“, der tschechisch besiedelte Landesteil, der sich auf das ganze Land ausdehnte.

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Autor: Karl-Peter Schwarz, Korrespondent für die Tschechische Republik, die Slowakei, Rumänien, Slowenien, Kroatien, Montenegro und Albanien mit Sitz in Wien.

Quelle: F.A.Z.   

Ask Americans to name the former U.S. presidents

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/02/160209161809.htm

Americans recognize 'past presidents' who never were, study finds

Date: February 9, 2016

Source: Washington University in St. Louis

Summary: Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin, Hubert Humphrey and some guy named "Thomas Moore" are among the names that many Americans mistakenly identify as belonging to a past president of the United States, finds a news study by memory researchers.

A 2014 study by Roediger and DeSoto in the journal Science suggest that we as a nation do fairly well at naming the first few and the last few presidents in the order they served, but our recall abilities then fall off quickly.

Credit: WUSTL Graphic / Sharon Derry

Ask Americans to name the former U.S. president whose face currently graces the U.S. $10 dollar bill and most will be quick to answer Alexander Hamilton.

Sure, it's a trick question. But a new study from memory researchers at Washington University in St. Louis confirms that most Americans are confident that Alexander Hamilton was once president of the United States.
"Our findings from a recent survey suggest that about 71 percent of Americans are fairly certain that Alexander Hamilton is among our nation's past presidents," said Henry L. Roediger III, a human memory expert at Washington University. "I had predicted that Benjamin Franklin would be the person most falsely recognized as a president, but Hamilton beat him by a mile.
"The interesting thing is that their confidence in Hamilton having been president is fairly high -- higher than for six or so actual presidents."
Roediger, PhD, the James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor in Arts & Sciences, has been testing the ability of undergraduate college students to remember the names of presidents since 1973, when he first administered the test to undergraduates while a psychology graduate student at Yale University.
Roediger's 2014 study in the journal Science suggest that we as a nation do fairly well at naming the first few and the last few presidents in the order they served. But our recall abilities then fall off quickly, with fewer than 20 percent able to remember more than the last eight or nine presidents in order.
The focus of the current study is a bit different, said Roediger, because it's designed to gauge how well Americans can recognize the names of past presidents, as opposed to the much greater challenge of directly recalling them from memory and listing their names on a blank sheet of paper.
This study, published online this week in the journal Psychological Science, is co-authored by K. Andrew DeSoto, a former psychology graduate student at Washington University who is now a research methodology fellow at the Association for Psychological Science.
"Our studies over the past 40 years show that Americans can recall about half the U.S. presidents, but the question we explore with this study is whether people know the presidents but are simply unable to access them for recall," Roediger said.
The current study is based on a name recognition test administered to 326 people via Mechanical Turk, an interactive online service operated by Amazon.
Participants were asked to identify past presidents when presented with a list of names that included actual presidents and non-presidents, such as Hamilton and Franklin. The lists also presented other false items, including familiar names from American history and non-famous common names, such as Thomas Moore. With each president-or-non-president response, participants indicated their level of certainty on a scale of zero-to-100, where 100 was absolutely certain.
The rate for correctly recognizing the names of past presidents was 88 percent, well above recall but far from perfect. Franklin Pierce and Chester Arthur were recognized less than 60 percent of the time. Hamilton was more frequently identified as president than several actual presidents, and people were very confident when saying he was president (83 on the 100-point scale).
The study identified three other prominent figures from American history that more than a quarter of those surveyed incorrectly recognize as past presidents, including Franklin, Hubert Humphrey and John Calhoun.
Perhaps more striking, nearly a third of those surveyed falsely recognized the common name "Thomas Moore" as someone who was once an American president.
Humphrey served as vice president and ran for president in 1968. Franklin was a famous American involved in the events surrounding the founding of the country and served as ambassador to France. Calhoun was a senator and vice president for seven years.
"These factors may account for their general familiarity in American history, but if subjects cannot recollect their roles, then false recognition as president may occur because subjects cannot oppose the high name familiarity with knowledge of their actual roles," Roediger said. "John Calhoun is a surprise, because he was a supporter of states rights and slavery, but apparently people remember the name but not why they know it."
The high false alarm rate for Thomas Moore, however, came as another surprise to the researchers. People with this name have served in the U.S. House of Representatives, but none are particularly famous.
"Our best guess is that the Anglo-Saxon structure of his name, the frequency of both parts of the name, and possibly his confusability with Sir Thomas More, the counselor to King Henry VIII, may have contributed to the name's familiarity and false recognition," Roediger said.
Roediger and DeSoto suggest that our ability to recognize the names of famous people hinges on those names appearing in a context that's related to the source of their fame.
"Elvis Presley was famous, but he would never be recognized as a past president," Roediger said. "Most of the names in our study that were falsely recognized as belonging to past presidents are those with strong ties to American history. These same individuals would not be recognized if the task were to recognize famous musicians from the 1960s. It's not just enough to have a familiar name, but it must be a familiar name in the right context."
This study adds to an emerging line of research that focuses on how people remember history -- a field called collective memory or historical memory.
A striking detail emerging from recent studies by Roediger and DeSoto is that the ability of people to remember the names of presidents follows very consistent and reliable patterns.
"No matter how we test it -- in the same experiment, with different people, across generations, in the laboratory, with online studies, with different types of tests -- there are clear patterns in how the presidents are remembered and how they are forgotten," DeSoto said.
While many of these patterns can be explained using decades-old theories of memory, the findings are also sparking new ideas about how lasting fame is shaped by the nuances of human memory function.
"Even on a recognition test, knowledge of American presidents is imperfect and prone to error," Roediger said. "The false recognition data support the theory that false fame can arise from contextual familiarity. And our recall studies show that even the most famous person in America maybe be forgotten in as short a time as 50-75 years."

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Story Source:
The above post is reprinted from materials provided by Washington University in St. Louis. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

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Journal Reference:

1. Roediger, Henry L. and DeSoto, K. Andrew. Recognizing the Presidents: Was Alexander Hamilton President? Psychological Science, February 8, 2016 [link]

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Cite This Page:

Washington University in St. Louis. "Americans recognize 'past presidents' who never were, study finds." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 9 February 2016. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/02/160209161809.htm>.

Bouira: Colloque autour de l'hydronymie

http://www.toutdz.com/bouira-colloque-autour-de-lhydronimie-et-son-rapport-avec-la-langue/

BOUIRA : Colloque autour de l’hydronymie et son rapport avec la langue

Autour du thème «L’hydronymie et son rapport avec la langue, la littérature et la sociologie», le département de langue et culture amazighes (Dlca) et le laboratoire de recherches littéraires, linguistiques et didactiques amazighes ont convié plusieurs chercheurs et spécialistes à un colloque hier au niveau de l’auditorium de l’université Akli Mohand-Oulhadj de Bouira. Dans son allocution, le professeur Djellaoui Mohamed, président du colloque, précisera l’importance d’une pareille réflexion.

«Quand la mémoire de l’homme est défaillante, elle l’est souvent, la terre peut lui préciser ses origines, lui apprendre ce qu’il a été à travers des normes que sauvegarde et préserve la langue des ancêtres dans leur désignation des lieux dès les premières origines malgré les changements qu’imposent le temps et l’histoire.

Parmi les domaines en relation avec l’onomastique, les hydronymes (noms propres donnés aux cours d’eau), des noms désignant les différents cours d’eau». Lui succédant, le Dr Kherdouci Hassina, de l’université de Tizi Ouzou, abordera «l’imaginaire de l’espace et l’usage de l’hydronymie dans la chanson féminine».



La chercheuse précisera qu’il s’agit à partir d’une série d’exemples puisés dans le terroir national de formuler un sens et un contenu fiable. Elle citera comme exemple H’nifa, Nouara, Malika Domrane et le groupe Djurdjura qui utilisent souvent les cours d’eau dans leurs chansons, puisant d’une métaphore.

Le troisième intervenant, le Dr Chaâlal Salah, du département de français de l’université de Tizi Ouzou, traitera du thème «Pratiques et croyances liées à l’eau dans la culture kabyle».

Il commencera par sérier les appellations de l’eau (alinssar, assif, thamda, thala…) et précisera que l’eau reste un sujet central dans la vie au quotidien, mais aussi dans l’imaginaire.

«Dans la société kabyle, la source d’eau est un espace d’échanges» dira-t-il, et il citera un passage du roman La colline oubliée de Mouloud Mammeri: «Sur le chemin qui mène vers tala.»

La symbolique est aussi comprise dans la dénomination de l’oued, assif ou le ravin, ighzer qui renvoie au mal de cette force qui emporte tout sur son passage. Aldjia Outaleb clôturera les interventions de la matinée autour du thème «La place et le rôle de l’eau dans la culture kabyle».
Précisons enfin que ce Colloque national s’inscrit dans un large programme de célébration du 20 avril.

Fünfter Band des Deutschen Familiennamenatlas erschienen

http://www.uni-mainz.de/presse/75150.php

Dillschneider, Sägemüller und Fiedler: Familiennamen nach Beruf und persönlichen Merkmalen

                   
                                           
Der fünfte Band des Deutschen Familiennamenatlas (DFA) zur Gruppe der Berufs- und Übernamen liegt vor. Der neue Band behandelt die Entstehungsmotivation der Namen durch den Beruf und durch persönliche Merkmale wie beispielsweise die körperliche Erscheinung eines Menschen. Während andere Bände die Bildung von Familiennamen anhand anderer Namen, zum Beispiel anhand von Rufnamen oder Städtenamen, zum Thema haben, beruhen die Familiennamen im fünften Band nicht auf Namen, sondern ausschließlich auf Substantiven, Adjektiven oder Verben, wie sie in der gesprochenen Sprache des späten Mittelalters in Gebrauch waren. Damit stellt der Band ein neues Grundlagenwerk für die Sprachgeschichte dar.
                   
"Mit über 1.000 Seiten ist dies unser dickster und wahrscheinlich auch attraktivster Band, der am meisten über die Wortgeographie der Berufsbezeichnungen aussagt", erklärt Univ.-Prof. Dr. Damaris Nübling vom Deutschen Institut der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz (JGU). Der erste Teil des vorliegenden Bandes gilt Namen, die durch Beruf, Stand oder Amt motiviert sind. "Fiedler" beispielsweise geht auf die Bezeichnung eines Geigenspielers im Norden Deutschlands zurück, im Süden ist der Name "Geiger" verbreitet. Ob jemand "Bäcker" oder "Beck", "Pfister" oder "Pistor" heißt, lässt sich ebenso regional vergleichen wie "Sägemüller" oder "Schreiner" und "Gockel" oder "Gögel". Viele Bezeichnungen finden sich für Spezialbäcker, etwa "Semmler", "Mutschler", "Lebküchler" oder auch "Schlotterbeck". "Insgesamt lässt sich sagen, dass die 14 häufigsten Familiennamen in Deutschland allesamt Familiennamen aus Berufsbezeichnungen sind", erläutert Projektmitarbeiterin Dr. Kathrin Dräger.
                   
Der zweite Teil des fünften Bandes behandelt Namen, die durch körperliche, charakterliche oder biographische Merkmale motiviert sind: "Klein" und "Groß" gehören zu den häufigsten Namen, andere wie "Weiß", "Roth" oder "Kraus" gehen auf Haarfarbe oder Haarbeschaffenheit zurück. Bestimmte Verhaltensweisen führten zu Namen wie "Still" oder "Stille", jemand, der viel zu sich nimmt, wurde "Schlemmer" genannt. "Die Palette dieser Übernamen ist außerordentlich vielfältig, weil viele unterschiedliche Merkmale eingehen vom Körperumfang über die Gangart bis zu Trink- oder Schlafgewohnheiten", so Dräger.
                   
419 Karten zeigen, wie die häufigsten Namen regional verteilt sind. Dabei ging es den Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern nicht darum, die Verbreitung einzelner Namen festzuhalten, sondern sie im Spektrum ihrer Varianten – "Diller" und "Dillschneider" etwa – darzustellen und sie ins Umfeld konkurrierender Namen einzubetten.
                   

Der Atlas entsteht als Kooperationsprojekt der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg (Prof. Dr. Konrad Kunze, Prof. Dr. Peter Auer) und der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz (Prof. Dr. Damaris Nübling) und wurde ab 2005 von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) gefördert. Er bietet nicht nur der Namenforschung ein neues Fundament, indem er den Bestand und die Verbreitung der Familiennamen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland auf dem Stand von 2005 festhält. Auch anderen Disziplinen von der Sozialgeschichte über die Siedlungs- und Migrationsforschung bis zur Genetik steht damit ein unverzichtbares hilfswissenschaftliches Instrument bereit. Trotz zahlreicher Flucht- und Wanderbewegungen in den vergangenen Jahrhunderten und trotz der modernen Mobilität sind die geschichtlich gewachsenen Namenlandschaften erstaunlich stabil geblieben.

                   
Ursprünglich war der Deutsche Familiennamenatlas mit vier Bänden konzipiert. Die Datengrundlage erwies sich jedoch als so umfangreich, dass das Projekt nun auf sechs Bände plus einem Registerband ausgelegt wird. Der sechste Band zur Bildung von Familiennamen aus Rufnamen ist in Bearbeitung und wird voraussichtlich 2017 erscheinen.

Aspects of Irish Personal Names

http://quabook.com/view?filename=Aspects.Of.Irish.Personal.Names.%28irish.Language.-.Onomastics%29.uploaded.by.KILLERS.zip&q=Aspects+of+Irish+Personal+Names+%28Irish+Language+-+Onomastics%29&group=b72qB&source=yeslinks-add-url-11&t=435880

Aspects of Irish Personal Names (Irish Language - Onomastics)

Select file format:

Works with:

Series: Irish Language - Onomastics

Paperback: 36 pages

Publisher: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (December 1986)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0901282871

ISBN-13: 978-0901282873     

XVI Всероссийская конференция «Актуальные проблемы диалектологии языков народов России»

http://rihll.ru/news/347-xvi-vserossiyskaya-nauchnaya-konferenciya-aktualnye-problemy-dialektologii-yazykov-narodov-rossii-1-4-iyunya-2016-g.html

XVI Всероссийская научная конференция «Актуальные проблемы диалектологии языков народов России», 1-4 июня 2016 г.

Федеральное агенство научных организаций
Российская академия наук
Российский гуманитарный научный фонд
Институт языкознания РАН
Уфимский научный центр
Институт истории, языка и литературы УНЦ РАН
Министерство образования Республики Башкортостан
Академия наук Республики Башкортостан

Информационное письмо

Уважаемые коллеги!

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт истории, языка и литературы Уфимского научнго центра РАН приглашает Вас принять участие в работе XVI Всероссийской научной конференции «Актуальные проблемы диалектологии языков народов России».

Сроки проведения конференции: 1-4 июня 2016 г.

Место проведения: Институт истории, языка и литературы Уфимского научного центра РАН, г. Уфа, проспект Октября, 71.



На конференции будут рассматриваться следующие проблемы:

Актуальные проблемы тюркской диалектологии.

Актуальные проблемы диалектологии славянских, финно-угорских и др. языков России.

Диалектология и этнолингвистика.

Лексикология и лексикография.

Диалектология и смежные дисциплины.

Диалектология и ономастика

7.Обучение родным и государственным языкам в условиях диалекта (на примере полиэтнических регионов Российской Федерации).

Для участия в конференции необходимо в срок до 20 апреля 2016 г. отправить на электронный адрес оргкомитета. E-mail: dialectologiya2016@mail.ru :

1) заявку на участие в конференции;

2) текст статьи.



В качестве рабочих языков конференции приняты башкирский, русский, английский.

Предоставляемый материал должен быть тщательно выверен и отредактирован. Оргкомитет оставляет за собой право отбора докладов для включения в программу конференции. Рукописи и другие представленные материалы не рецензируются и не возвращаются. Издание материалов планируется к началу работы конференции.

Сборник статей будет включен в РИНЦ.

Вниманию иногородних участников! Транспортные расходы и расходы по проживанию в Уфе несет направляющая сторона.

Адрес оргкомитета: 450054, г. Уфа, пр. Октября, 71

Отдел языкознания Учреждения Российской академии наук Института истории, языка и литературы Уфимского научного центра РАН.

Т.: (347) 235-60-50; факс (347) 235-60-77

E-mail: dialectologiya2016@mail.ru


Заявка

ФИО (полностью)___________________________________

Страна, город______________________________________

Ученая степень, звание______________________________

Должность________________________________________

Место работы (полное и сокращенное название)_________

___________________________________________________

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Контактный телефон________________________________

Название доклада___________________________________

Правила оформления текстов:

Текст доклада должен быть оформлен в виде научной статьи объем до 4 страниц. Размер шрифта – 14, через 1,5 интервала, выравнивание по ширине, поля: верхнее и нижнее – 2 см, левое – 3 см, правое – 1,5 см; без переносов.

Ссылки в тексте оформляются в квадратных скобках с указанием автора источника и через запятую страницы. Например: [Иванов, с. 23]. Список литературы располагается в алфавитном порядке. Специальные шрифты, использованные в тексте, высылаются вместе со статьей отдельным файлом.

Jacques Teisseire spécialiste de toponymie donne une conférence samedi

http://www.ladepeche.fr/article/2016/04/21/2329443-jacques-teisseire-specialiste-de-toponymie-donne-une-conference-samedi.html

Colloques et conférences

Le 23/04/2016

Jacques Teisseire a étudié la signification et l' étymologie des noms propres du Comminges./Photo DDM

                                  

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Le samedi 23 avril, Jacques Teisseire donnera, à Aurignac, une conférence sur la toponymie du Comminges (branche qui étudie les noms propres). Rendez-vous est donné à 10 h 30 à la librairie-tartinerie L'Escale. Depuis qu'il vit en Comminges, Jacques Teisseire a réalisé un impressionnant travail de recherche onomastique et il a consulté bien des documents : des cartulaires régionaux, des dictionnaires topographiques, des cartes anciennes, des plans cadastraux… Il a aussi recueilli un grand nombre d'attestations historiques et d'hypothèses relevées dans les ouvrages sur la toponymie des localités du Haut-Comminges. Après douze ans de recherches passionnées, il est aujourd'hui l'auteur d'un ouvrage référence sur les noms de lieux du Haut-Comminges, édité par l'Ostau Comengés, pour les spécialistes comme pour le grand public.

La Dépêche du Midi

X Jornada d’Onomàstica el 15 i 16 d’abril

http://lliureimillor.cat/gandia-seu-de-la-x-jornada-donomastica-el-15-i-16-dabril/

Gandia, seu de la X Jornada d’Onomàstica el 15 i 16 d’abril

Gandia serà enguany la seu de la X Jornada d’Onomàstica, organitzada per l’Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua (AVL). Tindrà lloc el dies 15 i 16 d’abril i enguany girarà al voltant de la toponímia i l’antroponímia de la comarca de la Safor.  Ja està obert el el termini per a formalitzar la inscripció. Us hi podeu apuntar aquí.

Mireu el programa definitiu.