The lecture series Onomastics Online continued on 23 March 2023 with a presentation given by Ángel Iglesias Ovejero (Universidad de Orleáns) with the title "L’expérience onomastique : un dictionnaire des noms de personne dans la parémiologie espagnole".
0:00 - 6:01 Introduction
6:01 - 51:30 Presentation
51:30 - 1:12:22 Discussion
Thursday, March 23, 2023
Monday, March 20, 2023
Cross-Cultural Universals & Differences in American & Russian Nicknaming Patterns
ANS 2023, January 20, 2023
"Cross-Cultural Universals and Differences in American and Russian Nicknaming Patterns" by Anna Tsepkova (Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Russia)
The paper aims at analysing the results of a cross-cultural research of anthroponymic nicknames collected from students of Eastern Washington University (the USA) and Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University (Russia) for the project “A Cross-Cultural Dictionary of American and Russian Nicknames of Persons”. Comparative analysis of the American and Russian samples shows that macro patterns in both linguocultures are represented by nominations, motivated by external characteristics of a nominee (characterizing nicknames) and nicknames derived from a nominee’s personal name (linguistically motivated nicknames).
Within these macro patterns the following quantitative differences are observed: a) in the American sample linguistically motivated nicknames significantly prevail over characterizing nicknames (49% vs 24 % nicknames respectively); in the Russian sample the two macro patterns are almost equal in proportion (48% characterizing vs 44% linguistically motivated nicknames); b) the majority of linguistically motivated nicknames, as reported by the American subjects, derive from first names (96%), whereas in the Russian sample nicknames from last names are more numerous (69% as compared to 25% nicknames from first names); c) the majority of characterising nicknames in the American sample are motivated by personality traits (29%) or appearance (24%), while in the Russian sample characterizing nicknames refer mostly to appearance (50%).
Quantitative disproportions are determined by the differences in interpreting the concepts nickname / прозвище (prozvishshe) in corresponding linguocultures and the impact of political correctness and privacy on the native speakers’ verbal behavior (specifically, restrictions concerning naming and nicknaming practices).
ANNA TSEPKOVA comes from Novosibirsk (Siberian region of Russia). She is Associate Professor of the English Language Department (Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University), holding a degree of the Candidate (PhD) in Philology. She is a member of ICOS and a vice-chair of the Siberian Association of Foreign Language Teachers.
Onomastics of the “Chanson de Roland”
- translated by:
This ambitious study of all proper names in the Chanson de Roland is based for the first time on a systematic survey of the whole geographical and historical literature from antiquity to after 1100 for the Geographica, and on working through (almost) the entire documentary tradition of France and its neighbouring regions from 778 to the early 12th century for the personal names. The overall result is clear: the surviving song is more tightly and profoundly structured, even in smaller scenes, than generally assumed, it is also richer in depicting reality, and it has a very long prehistory, which can be traced in outline, albeit with decreasing certainty, (almost) back to the Frankish defeat of 778.
Here are some individual results: for the first time, a detailed (and ultimately simple!) explanation not only of the ‘pagan’ catalogue of peoples, but also of the overarching structure of Baligant’s empire, the organisation of North Africa, the corpus of the Twelve Anti-Pairs as well as the ‘pagan’ gods are given, and individual names such as Bramimunde and Jurfaret, toponyms such as Marbrise and Marbrose are explained. From Roland’s Spanish conquests (v. 196–200), the course of the elapsed set anz toz pleins is reconstructed. Even the names of the weapons prove to be a small structured group, in that they are very discreetly adapted to their respective ‘pagan’ or Christian owner. On the Christian side, the small list of relics in Roland’s sword is also carefully devised, not least in what is left out: a relic of the Lord; this is reserved for Charlemagne’s Joiuse.
The author explains for example, why from the archangel triad only Michael and Gabriel descend to the dying Roland, whereas ‘the’ angel Cherubin descends in Rafael’s place. Munjoie requires extensive discussion, because here a (hitherto insufficiently recorded) toponym has been secondarily charged by the poet with traditional theological associations. The term Ter(e) major is attested for the first time in reality, namely in the late 11th century in Norman usage. For the core of France, the fourth cornerstone – along with Besançon, Wissant and Mont-Saint-Michel – is Xanten, and its centre is Aachen. The poet’s artful equilibration of Charles’s ten eschieles and their leaders is traced. The "Capetian barrier" emerges as a basic fact of epic geography. Approximatively, the last quarter of the study is devoted to the prehistory of the song, going backwards in time: still quite clearly visible is an Angevin Song of Roland from around 1050, in which Marsilĭe, Olivier, Roland, Ganelon, Turpin and Naimes already have roles similar to those in the preserved Song. Behind it, between about 970 and shortly after 1000, is the Girart de Vienne from the Middle Rhône, already recognised by Aebischer, with the newly invented Olivier contra Roland. Finally, in faint outlines, an oldest attainable, also Middle Rhône adaptation of the Roland material from shortly after 870 emerges.
For the Chanson de Roland, Gaston Paris and Joseph Bédier were thus each right on the main point that was close to their hearts: the surviving song has both the thoroughly sophisticated structure of great art that Bédier recognised in it, and the imposingly long prehistory that Paris conjectured.
Friday, March 17, 2023
Place Names: Approaches and Perspectives in Toponymy and Toponomastics
What are place names? From where do they originate? How are they structured? What do they signify? How important are they in our life? This groundbreaking book explores these compelling questions and more by providing a thorough introduction to the assumptions, theories, terminology, and methods in toponymy and toponomastics – the studies of place names, or toponyms. It is the first comprehensive resource on the topic in a single volume, and explores the history and development of toponyms, focusing on the conceptual and methodological issues pertinent to the study of place names around the world. It presents a wide range of examples and case studies illustrating the structure, function, and importance of toponyms from ancient times to the present day. Wide ranging yet accessible, it is an indispensable source of knowledge for students and scholars in linguistics, toponymy and toponomastics, onomastics, etymology, and historical linguistics.
Saturday, March 11, 2023
Call for Papers for the Annual Meeting of Canadian Society for the Study of Names
The Canadian Society for the Study of Names (CSSN) will hold its 57th Annual Meeting at York University from Sunday, May 28, to Monday, May 29, 2023, in conjunction with the Congress of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Canada.
The theme of the 2023 Congress is: “Reckonings & Re-Imaginings,” but papers on any onomastic topic are welcome. We also welcome papers to this year’s special panel, Names in Contact: Honouring the Legacy of Wolfgang Ahrens.
Presentations are allotted 20 minutes, with an additional 10 minutes for questions and discussion. Remote presentations are welcome.
The full call for papers can also be found at https://ojs.lib.uwo.ca/index.php/oc/cssn-sco-2023
Please email your abstract to: Sheila Embleton, PhD, FRSC embleton@yorku.ca by March 27, 2023, 11:59PM ET.
Friday, March 10, 2023
Konrad Kunzes Namenkunde
Seit November 2022 läuft eine neue Sendereihe „Konrad Kunzes Namenkunde“ wo die unterschiedlichsten Namengebungen in Südbaden im Fokus stehen.
Erklärt werden diese vom emeritierten Sprachwissenschaftler Konrad Kunze.
Wednesday, March 8, 2023
Names and Sources in Cymbeline by Grant Smith
ANS 2023, January 20, 2023
"Names and Sources in Cymbeline" by Grant Smith (Eastern Washington University, WA, USA)
In most of his plays, Shakespeare’s central plots rely heavily on a primary source plot. For a new play, he usually modified the action of a source plot, often renamed characters, and added new characters. Thus, his use of source names compared to new names, the subject of my research, is at least one measure of his creativity, his relative reliance on source plots, and his presumption of their fictive status. In The Winter’s Tale, for example, Shakespeare follows the plot of Greene’s Pandosto very closely but changes all the names and radically transforms the tragic ending into a positive tale of remorse, faith, and redemption.
Cymbeline, written very near in time, draws not on one but on at least four different source plots. From them Shakespeare interweaves four distinctive lines of action – 1) a banishment story, 2) a wager story, 3) a tribute story, and 4) a story of surprising victory and reconciliation. Two of these plot lines follow sources in Renaissance literature, and two follow historical sources. This paper will show that Shakespeare retains more of the names used in his historical sources than those in his literary sources and thereby treats them as less fictive.
GRANT SMITH, Prof. Emeritus, Eastern Washington University, former president of ANS, vice president of ICOS, 34 years on the Washington Board on Geographic Names, host for many international scholars. Currently emphasizes literary onomastics and philosophy of language. His new book, Names as Metaphors in Shakespeare’s Comedies, available at Vernon Press.
Call for Papers: XXVI International Onomastics & Literature Symposium
 |
| 21st Onomastica & Letteratura Syposium |
The topics it will focus on are the following:
- Names and memory
- Names and translation
- Other Proper Names: not only Names of person and place
- ‘Protected’ Names
- Regional literary onomastics
Those who intend to participate in the Conference or who wish to submit their article to the editorial staff of the journal “Il Nome nel Testo” are requested to send Donatella Bremer (donatella.bremer@unipi.it) no later than 30 June 2023 an abstract, not generic, but sufficiently indicative (about 2200 characters with spaces) of their contribution.
Please also attach a short resume.
The length of the articles to be submitted to the peer review process for a possible publication in the journal “Il Nome nel Testo” must be around 12 pages.
For more information see the O&L webpage http://oel.fileli.unipi.it/
or contact Giorgio Sale: giosale@uniss.it
Nei giorni 19, 20 e 21 ottobre 2023, presso l’Università di Cagliari si svolgerà il
XXVI Convegno Internazionale di O&L
Gli argomenti che sono stati scelti per le varie sezioni in cui si articolerà il convegno sono i seguenti:
Nomi e memoria
Ogni Nome Proprio può configurarsi in un testo letterario come portatore di memoria, di luoghi e di persone, sia che esso appartenga alla realtà o all’immaginazione, sia che sia frutto della creazione originale di un autore o funga piuttosto da vettore di intertestualità e di agnizioni di lettura. In casi più specifici, del resto, l’evocazione di alcuni Nomi ha l’effetto più diretto di sbloccare, nel personaggio o nell’autore stesso, un patrimonio memoriale rimosso e segreto, fornendo il decisivo déclic per il suo recupero. Archetipo di tale tipologia, largamente presente nella narrativa del Novecento (vengono alla mente La misteriosa fiamma della regina Loana di Eco o Conversazione in Sicilia di Vittorini), Marcel Proust, con il suo Noms de Pays: le Nom.
Nomi e traduzione
Il tema è pressoché onnipresente in ogni edizione del convegno e ha alimentato negli anni un filone a sé stante di studi di interesse onomastico, specie per iniziativa peculiare di studiosi di letterature straniere e segnatamente di traduttologia. La proposta vale dunque come stimolo a concentrarsi nuovamente sull’argomento allo scopo di fornire un aggiornato status quaestionis, sia sul piano teorico sia su quello di casi specifici, anche relativamente a tipologie particolari di traduzione onomastica. Le analisi potranno ad esempio approfondire le modalità del passaggio del Nome Proprio da una lingua all’altra (tanto ‘in verticale’, cioè da lingue classiche a moderne, quanto ‘in orizzontale’, cioè tra lingue vive, per assumere la canonica distinzione di Folena), o anche focalizzarsi, in base alle specifiche competenze di ogni studioso, sulle forme e le funzioni assunte dal Nome nella lingua d’arrivo o, viceversa, in quella di partenza.
Altri Nomi Propri: non solo Nomi di persona e di luogo
Se antroponimi e toponimi hanno fatto la parte del leone nelle indagini di onomastica letteraria dell’ultimo quarantennio, non di rado l’attenzione degli studiosi ha focalizzato anche altre tipologie onomastiche, più defilate ma altrettanto interessanti. Materia d’indagine può ad esempio essere l’analisi dei titoli intesi come onimi, o dei crononimi di ogni tipo, costituiti principalmente da riferimenti a quelle date puntuali che assumono valore evenemenziale, da alcuni studiosi etichettate come emeronimi (valga l’esempio corrente dell’Undici settembre o, per coniugare tale tipologia con quella dei titoli, del Nineteen Eighty-Four orwelliano o ancora del Quatrevingt-treize di Hugo). Lo stesso dicasi per gli odonimi (come dimenticare la Via Merulana del romanzo gaddiano?), e per numerose altre categorie onomastiche. A condizione che l’analisi sappia individuare una reale significatività e qualche funzionalità narrativa, tenendosi lontana dal rischio di proporre rassegne di tipologie onomastiche puramente nomenclatorie e descrittive.
Nominare e proteggere
Il tema si propone di indagare il complesso rapporto che intercorre spesso tra la denominazione e la censura (o anche l’autocensura). Una tematica che può essere intesa fondamentalmente in due modi: si può cambiare un nome per proteggere un’identità quando si fa riferimento a fatti più o meno reali, attinenti ad es. alla vita privata di chi scrive (come nel Mephisto di Klaus Mann – anche se dietro la maschera di Hendrick Höfgens non fu difficile individuare il cognato dell’autore, l’attore Gustaf Gründgens), oppure, in periodi in cui la libertà di stampa è limitata, stravolgere le denominazioni o cambiarle, o addirittura sottrarle come personaggio alla trama stessa, per evitare che possano evocare fatti o persone invisi a un regime (nelle traduzioni dei romanzi di Agatha Christie la censura fascista cambiò la nazionalità dei criminali, che non doveva essere italiana: nel Poirot sul Nilo del ’39, ad es., Guido Richetti fu sostituito dallo svizzero Guido Reyvillon).
Come ogni anno una sezione verrà dedicata alla
Onomastica letteraria regionale.
Coloro che intendano partecipare al Convegno o che vogliano proporre un loro articolo alla redazione della rivista «il Nome nel testo» sono pregati di inviare a Donatella Bremer (donatella.bremer@unipi.it) entro e non oltre il 30 giugno 2023 un abstract, non generico, ma sufficientemente indicativo (ca. una pagina) del loro contributo.
Si prega di allegare anche un breve curriculum.
La lunghezza degli articoli da sottoporre al processo di revisione (peer review) per un’eventuale pubblicazione nella rivista «il Nome nel testo» non dovrà superare le 15 cartelle.
Per ulteriori informazioni rivolgersi anche a Giorgio Sale, giosale@uniss.it
Toponymic Wars in Czechia in the Aftermath of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine
ANS 2023, January 20, 2023
“A Continuation of Politics by Other Means - Toponymic Wars in Czechia in the Aftermath of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine" by Přemysl Mácha (Institute of Ethnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic)
The naming and renaming of public spaces in reaction to world events as an instrument of international politics is a common toponymic practice. A case in point is the renaming of the squares in front of the Russian embassies in Prague and Washington, D.C., after the murdered Russian opposition leader Boris Nemtsov. The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 prompted local governments and citizens across Czechia to propose the renaming of streets and other public spaces referring to places in Russia, Russian personalities or Russia itself (e.g. Moskevská, Gagarinova, Ruská) in a show of solidarity with Ukraine.
Although this wave of proposals has had mixed results, at best, the debates they have generated have laid bare underlying political tensions existing in the Czech society. On face value, these proposals may have seemed as analogies to Boris Nemtsov Plazas. In many instances, however, the Russian invasion of Ukraine became a proxy for local political conflicts expressed through heated toponymic wars all across the country.
The paper will present the results of an analysis of several cases of successful and failed renaming proposals, including the associated arguments and debates, and discuss the spatial, social, political, and historical context which appears to be the key to both the success of renaming proposals as well as their correct interpretation.
PŘEMYSL MÁCHA is a senior researcher at the Institute of Ethnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences. His interests include toponymic politics, minority names, enthoecology, indigenous people, environmental and landscape history, cultural heritage, and nature conservation. He has done research in Mexico, New Mexico, and the Czech Republic.
Trismegistos' Names Database
Names in the ancient world is a tool dealing with personal names in the ancient Graeco-Roman world. In a first phase, as an offshoot of Trismegistos' participation in the Eagle project (see SNAP & NER below), it focuses on names in Latin inscriptions, except for the main Ptolemaic territories (Egypt, Cyrenaica and Cyprus), for which names in the Greek inscriptions from the Ptolemaic period have been added between 2010-2012. Starting from the Clauss / Slaby database, the Latin inscriptions are currently processed province by province, starting in North Africa (currently excluding Africa Proconsularis and Numidia, due to the large corpus there). The next region that will be tackled is the Eastern Mediterranean, starting with Arabia and Iudaea. Since this is a part-time, one-man show, progress is unfortunately slower than we would like, but we hope that what is available is already useful nonetheless.
In 2023, we will also start processing the personal names mentioned in ancient authors in light of the Networks of Ideas and Knowledge in the Ancient World [NIKAW] project (2022-2026). These names will also be integrated in this portal.
The underlying database of the Names in the ancient world portal consists of a complex set of tables. At the heart of the structure in the NamRef table, where each attestation of a separate personal name is collected (currently 20,715 records). This is linked to the Ref table, where clusters of names referring to the same individual are grouped together as attestations of individuals (currently 11,020 records). The onomastic structure consists of three tiers, dealing with names (NAM), name variants (NAMVAR), and declined name variants (NAMVARCASE) respectively. The Nam table currently has 38,277 names. Each of these standard names is connected to a set of variants, often in different languages / scripts, in the NamVar table (225,163 variants). For each of these variants, declined forms were created in the NamVarCase table. This last table is the largest, with 968,627 entries, and forms the link between REF and NAMVAR & NAM. The original TM People structure developed for the Egyptian data also includes a prosopographic Per table, but as explained below this is not a feature we will implement for other regions.
Please keep in mind that the Nam table (in contrast to the NamVar table) has only been fully developed for names attested in Egypt. Several Greek and Latin name variants attested in other regions will be linked to this table if they also appear in Egypt, but there is still a large group of variants without an overarching standard name record. This will improve in the future while we process more names, but for indigenous names this requires a thorough familiarity with local onomastic habits. Since we do not have this expertise, this is something we will not undertake ourselves, but we are happy to collaborate with other projects to set this up for particular languages/regions. Please contact us if you are interested!
The Names in the ancient world portal is not designed to become a prosopography of the ancient world. The focus is on (attestations of) personal names. We have therefore only developed the onomastic structure to standardize this data. Yet personal names obviously refer to people, and this component cannot be ignored completely. We have therefore retained the Ref level from the original TM People structure (which you can find here), a table where names that refer to a person in a single attestation (what we call an identification cluster) are grouped together. This table can be used as a starting point for other projects that would like to bring together prosopographies or even create new ones. Starting from this level of attestations has the benefit that different projects do not necessarily need to agree on prosopographical identifications. They are often tricky and speculative and require a lot of expertise on things such as imperial and local careers, regional epigraphic habits, etc. We will therefore not undertake such identifications ourselves, but aim to link to as many prosopographical projects as possible in order to guide our users to relevant information about the people behind the names. We currently already have links to the Lexicon of Greek Personal Names for Greek name variants, where prosopographical identifications have been made for each variant. For some other useful (online) prosopographies, see, for example, the Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic, the Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire and Prosopography of the Byzantine World, and the original TM People for Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine Egypt (more are listed on the Digital Classicist Wiki). If you would like to collaborate in order to show links to your project on our website, please contact us !
We hope that even in its current state the tool may prove useful enough to avert nemesis. Also, digital instruments such as this one have the advantage that they can be updated and improved easily. We would therefore be very grateful if users not only show clemency, but also help us improve the quality: suggestions and mistakes can be reported by clicking on 'Report an error' in the header above.
Online databases tend not to be quoted, or only reluctantly. Often scholars will not document the use of digital tools and point to the (printed version of the) sources directly. Gradually, however, scholarship seems to enter a new phase where online edition is taking over the front position from paper copy. For this purpose, we have developed stable numeric identifiers for each entry in each of the TM People tables. For more information, please consult the 'How to cite' section below.
Coverage estimates
| Province | Greek inscriptions | Latin inscriptions |
|---|---|---|
| Egypt | 90% | 100% |
| Creta & Cyrenaica | Ptolemaic only | 100% |
| Cyprus | Ptolemaic only | 100% |
| Mauretania Caesariensis | 0 | 100% |
| Mauretania Tingitana | 0 | 100% |
Saturday, March 4, 2023
The Semantics and Politics of Placenames in the Western Regions of Côte-d’Ivoire
ANS 2023, January 20, 2023
"The Semantics and Politics of Placenames in the Western Regions of Côte-d’Ivoire" by Michel Nguessan (Governors State University, IL, USA)
The paper discusses 1) placenames and ethnic diversity, 2) the semantics and morphosyntax of placenames, 3) the sociology and politics of place names in Côte-d’Ivoire, a West African country. This paper focuses on the western regions, initially inhabited by Kru and Southern Mande peoples including subgroups such as Bété, Dida, Wê, Bakwé, Krumen, Gouro and Gagou. In addition to local ethnic groups, during colonial and post-colonial times, other populations moved into these western regions from other parts of Cote d’Ivoire and from neighboring countries and created their own villages with distinctive placenames. This study is based on several years of field work using semistructured interviews in these western regions. The study also utilized data from local government and administrative sources in the regions.
The findings of the study show 1) multiculturalism and ethnic diversity in placenames; 2) the meaning and the syntax of placenames; 3) preferences in the use of placenames from different ethnic groups by communities, government entities. The study also shows that while most ethnic groups interact with one another and leave in relative harmony, each group tends to self-segregate into their own villages. For instance, a village with a Baoulé name is predominantly inhabited by Bété people. Each ethnic group expresses the desire to have placenames in their own language in order to maintain their cultural identity. However, for purposes of administrative organization, government entities favor placenames that are native to the regions.
MICHEL NGUESSAN is an Associate Professor of Library and Information Science at Governors State University, in Illinois. He has academic background and research interest in languages and linguistics/onomastics, software engineering and computer science, and library and information science. He graduated from universities in Côted’Ivoire, the USA and Canada.
Friday, March 3, 2023
Étymologie et sémantique des noms de personnes grecs antiques : dictionnaire électronique et imprimé
⇢ En interconnexion avec les deux sites du Lexicon of Greek Personal Names d’Oxford :
LGPN Name Search et LGPN Search Database.
⇢ An English version is available on LGPN website <https://www.lgpn.ox.ac.uk/lgpn-ling>
Responsable
Sophie Minon (EPHE-PSL Paris, IUF)
Collaborateurs ANHIMA
Gérard Genevrois (EPHE), Mathilde Garré (EPHE)
Participants extérieurs
Jean-Claude Chuat (EPHE), E. Nieto Izquierdo (U. Toulouse II, équipe PLG-Érasme, ERC MAP), Florian Réveilhac (Philipps-Universität Marburg/Humboldt) et Dan Dana (CNRS, HISOMA)
Comité scientifique
S. Minon (EPHE), R. Parker (émérite Oxford, LGPN), L. Dubois (émérite EPHE), C. Dobias-Lalou (émérite U. de Bourgogne), J. Curbera (Inscriptiones Graecae, Académie de Berlin), J.-L. Fournet (Collège de France), Cl. Le Feuvre (Sorbonne Université), M. Egetmeyer (Sorbonne Université), N. Rousseau (Sorbonne Université) et A. Alonso Déniz (CNRS, HISOMA)
> Présentation
LGPN-Ling a été conçu pour doter le Lexicon of Greek Personal Names d’Oxford (bientôt 9 volumes : environ 400 000 individus, avec environ 40 000 noms différents, portés de l’archaïsme à l’époque byzantine, et dans l’ensemble du bassin méditerranéen) de sa contre-partie linguistique : des liens permettent donc de passer commodément de LGPN-Ling aux deux interfaces de recherche de ce dictionnaire, LGPN Name Search, et de là, à LGPN Search Database. ll s’agit de procurer un enrichissement étymologique et sémantique à cette Search Database, c’est-à-dire d’offrir l’élucidation du sens des noms de personnes grecs antiques qui y sont répertoriés (environ 36 000 noms grecs ou hybrides différents, variantes incluses ; les autres noms du LGPN étant, certes, écrits en alphabet grec, mais d’origines linguistiques autres) à partir des différentes sources (littéraires et lexicographiques, épigraphiques et papyrologiques) : celles-ci nous renseignent en effet à la fois sur le lexique grec dans toute son étendue et sa diversité, et sur les réalités culturelles locales telles que reflétées notamment par les autres catégories d’onomastiques (toponymie, noms de rivières, noms de montagnes, théonymes avec leurs épiclèses, noms de fêtes qui en dérivent, noms de mois et héronymes), dont chaque élément, avec ses propres dénotation et connotations, variables suivant les lieux et les périodes, a servi de bases de formation aux anthroponymes.
Pour chaque nom du Lexicon of Personal Names d’Oxford analysé, donné sous sa forme grecque et translittéré, sont fournies, de gauche à droite, les informations suivantes : nombre d’occurrences, genre, dialecte(s) ou langues (noms bilingues), période d’attestation, éventuel préfixe, radicaux ou bases lexicales (ou anthroponymiques), suffixes, nature grammaticale et fonction syntaxique des bases (formant syntagme dans les noms composés, y compris abrégés), sémantisme des préfixe et base(s), rapport au lexique (dénotation) et interprétation onomastique (connotations culturelles), avec la bibliographie (voir https://lgpn-ling.huma-num.fr/analysis.html). Il arrive qu’un même nom donne lieu à plusieurs analyses, soit qu’il ait été ambi- voire tri-valent sémantiquement, aux yeux des anciens eux-mêmes, soit que l’état actuel des sources et de nos connaissances ne nous permette pas de trancher entre différentes hypothèses.
Les utilisateurs du site pourront accéder aux informations par recherche simple (aire géo-dialectale ou structure bilingue ; base ; suffixe ; signification ; lexème ou autre type de nom propre associé) ou complexe (combinaison de plusieurs éléments du même type, comme les suffixes -ιδ-+-ιος, ou de types différents, comme base+dialecte, base+suffixe ou base+fonction ou base+fonction+classification entre : noms simples, noms composés avec leurs dérivés et possibles raccourcissements ou troncations) : voir https://lgpn-ling.huma-num.fr/howto.html.
Développement et maintenance du site sont assurés par la société Exist-Solutions (sous la responsabilité de Magdalena Turska) et Gérald Foliot de l’I.R. Huma-Num nous a fait bénéficier de son expertise pour stocker nos données depuis 2016, et à présent héberger le site.
> Publications
• Un premier volume d’actes du colloque coorganisé par S. Minon à Lyon, en 2015, pour lancer le projet LGPN-Ling avec L. Dubois et Cl. Le Feuvre, La Suffixation des anthroponymes grecs antiques, édité par A. Alonso Déniz, L. Dubois, Cl. Le Feuvre et S. Minon, est paru en décembre 2017 dans la collection des Hautes Etudes du monde gréco-romain, chez Droz (792 p.).
• Le premier volume (A-E) du dictionnaire imprimé, destiné à remplacer l’ouvrage aujourd’hui dépassé de Friedrich Bechtel, Die Historischen Personennamen des griechischen bis zur Kaiserzeit (1917), est à paraître en 2023, sous le titre : Lexonyme. Dictionnaire étymologique et sémantique des anthroponymes grecs antiques.
• Un article de présentation de l’interface de recherche a été donné par S. Minon dans le Bulletin de la société de linguistique de Paris 115, 2020, p. 235-297. Une riche introduction au volume 1 de Lexonyme le complète.
• Une Prosopographie et onomastique des Épidauriens sera publiée par E. Nieto Izquierdo dans la collection des Hautes études du monde gréco-romain en 2024, avec un riche chapitre sur la formation des anthroponymes.
• On renverra aussi à son article sur « Les femmes et la transmission des noms en Grèce ancienne », dans la revue Mètis 18, 2020, p. 39-54. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.editionsehess.29822
• Pour les autres études spécifiques produites dans le cadre de notre projet, sur des noms de personnes en particulier ou sur des séries, on se reportera aux bibliographies, visibles notamment sur academia.edu, de Florian Réveilhac, Enrique Nieto Izquierdo et Sophie Minon ainsi qu’aux résumés de conférences de Dialectologie grecque dans les livraisons annuelles de l’Annuaire de la section des Sciences historiques et philologiques de l’École pratique des Hautes Études (https://journals.openedition.org/ashp/1934 etc.), où d’autres études de cas sont publiées, de façon plus synthétique.
> Un travail en cours
• Des conférences de présentation du projet ont été données (Lyon, Lausanne, Londres, Oxford, Paris, Bordeaux), d’autres sont prévues en 2023 (Paris, Berkeley, sur l’invitation de N. Papazarkadas) pour le lancement de l’interface de recherche, et des conférenciers ont été invités dans le cadre de la conférence de "Dialectologie et Onomastique grecques" animée par S. Minon à l’EPHE, en Sorbonne, pour traiter d’onomastique anthroponymique en grec et dans d’autres langues antiques (Dan Dana, Florian Réveilhac).
• Des séances de travail ont lieu dans le cadre de ce même séminaire, dédiées à l’analyse linguistique et à l’étude sémantique des noms de personne grecs antiques, certaines consacrées aux noms interlinguistiques ou hybrides comme il s’en rencontre en nombre dans les zones de contacts, en particulier aux marges du monde grec (Mer Noire, Thrace Asie Mineure, Chypre, Syrie, Égypte, Cyrénaïque, Sicile, Illyrie, Grande Grèce, Italie et autres colonies de l’Occident).
• Florian Réveilhac a organisé avec Rostyslav Oreshko à Paris en 2022 un colloque sur ce sujet, intitulé : « Déplacements, migrations et contacts culturels en Méditerranée orientale au miroir de l’anthroponymie », dont les actes prendront place dans une collection de l’Ecole pratique des Hautes études.
• Les années à venir vont être consacrées à la révision sur le site, parallèlement à la préparation du volume 2 de Lexonyme, des noms de personnes dont les bases commencent par les lettres (Z-Ξ). Matilde Garré collaborera à la révision des aspects morphologiques de la formation des noms de personnes, notamment de leur suffixation.
• La mise à jour annuelle du corpus des noms attestés épigraphiquement se poursuivra, grâce au dépouillement notamment des volumes annuels du Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum.
> Perspectives
• Le site LGPN-Ling pourrait à l’avenir s’enrichir encore, en incluant les noms de personnes inscrits en alphabet grec, mais d’autres langues (langues anatoliennes, notamment ; noms portés par des Thraces, réunis sous forme imprimée dans l’Onomasticon Thracicum publié par Dan Dana à Athènes, en 2014, et annuellement supplémenté en ligne : voir ici
• Le livre qui fait toujours référence pour les noms d’Anatolie, celui de L. Zgusta, Kleinasiatische Personennamen, Prague, 1964, gagnerait en effet à être refait, lui aussi, comme le projette l’un des collaborateurs de LGPN-Ling, Florian Réveilhac. De telles extensions apportées à LGPN-Ling permettraient à l’avenir que chaque nom répertorié dans le Lexicon of Personal Names d’Oxford puisse être relié à son interprétation linguistique, qu’il soit grec ou d’une autre origine linguistique.
L'équipe qui a développé le site de recherche LGPN-Ling : Étymologie et sémantique des anthroponymes grecs antiques a le plaisir de vous annoncer son ouverture au public. Ce site va de pair avec la publication imprimée du dictionnaire raisonné des anthroponymes, Lexonyme, prévu en 3 volumes (vol. 1 : A-E, à paraître en 2023 chez Droz, collection Hautes études du monde gréco-romain), et destiné à remplacer Die historischen Personennamen des Griechischen bis zur Kaiserzeit de Fr. Bechtel (1917).
C'est une recherche au long cours, débutée en 2015 à la faveur de l'accueil chaleureux reçu de l'équipe du Lexicon of Greek Personal Names d'Oxford, et qui a pu aboutir grâce à sa sélection en 2017 par l'Agence nationale de la recherche. Le site Name Search du LGPN est donc interconnecté à la fois avec le site prosopographique, Database Search, et le nôtre. Comme nous faisons le choix d'ouvrir LGPN-Ling alors qu'une partie des données, seulement primo-éditées, reste en cours d'étude ou de révision, il sera indispensable de citer toute fiche anthroponymique que vous utiliseriez en indiquant la date de sa dernière mise à jour. Seront naturellement bienvenus questions, suggestions, critiques ou compléments, qui pourront être envoyés à l'adresse de contact indiquée sur le site.
N.B. : pour des raisons techniques, le site doit être provisoirement consulté de préférence sur un autre navigateur que Safari.
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