В этом выпуске доктор филологических наук Федор Успенский рассказывает про происхождение имен на Руси, влияние викингов и что общего между скандинавской мифологией и днями недели.
0:00 - О чем сегодняшний выпуск?
0:45 - Что такое скандинавские руны? Как они устроены?
3:41 - Реформа рунического алфавита
5:57 - Какой смысл скандинавы вкладывали в руны?
10:25 - Как устроена скандинавская мифология? Кто главный бог?
15:04 - Как скандинавы воспринимали другие мифологии?
20:13 - Антропонимика - наука о именах
28:12 - Какие древнерусские имена пропали?
33:26 - Про князя Владимира и его сыновей. Почему исчезали княжеские имена?
37:03 - Мода на имена. Как она меняется?
39:08 - Убийство Бориса и Глеба и при чем тут скандинавский текст "Сага об Эймунде"?
45:49 - Как скандинавская культура повлияла на Русь?
56:27 - История рунического письма
1:01:08 - Почему скандинавская мифология популярна в массовой культуре?
1:09:31 - Старшая и младшая эдды. Главные книги скандинавской мифологии
1:12:31 - Автроская поэзия скальдов. В чем ее особенность?
1:17:17 - Снорри Стурлусон и его "учебник" понимания скальдической поэзии
1:26:58 - Еще про влияние скандинавской культуры на нас
1:33:58- Дни недели названы в честь богов? В каких языках?
1:36:29 - Про ценности древних скандинавов. Что они ценили в человеке?
1:40:00 - Рога на шлемах викингов - это фейк?
1:42:10 - Что такое Рагнарёк?
1:43:23 - Спасибо за просмотр!
Thursday, August 10, 2023
Слово в тексте. Литературная ономастика
Scottish Gaelic Street Name Reviewer
The aim of this project is to ensure that street names will be correctly presented in a prominent navigation platform. You will draw on your local expertise and strong language skills to ensure data accuracy.
This project offers:
• Flexible hours
• Project commitment of 30 or more hours per week for the duration of your assignment
• The chance to directly impact how well your local street names are represented in the client's mapping software
Key requirements:
• Available for 30-40 hours per week for the duration of the assigned region
$18 - $20 an hour
This project offers:
• Flexible hours
• Project commitment of 30 or more hours per week for the duration of your assignment
• The chance to directly impact how well your local street names are represented in the client's mapping software
Key requirements:
• Available for 30-40 hours per week for the duration of the assigned region
$18 - $20 an hour
Sunday, August 6, 2023
Donner un nom à un lieu et le faire officialiser par la Commission de toponymie
Soumettre un toponyme pour officialisation
La demande d'officialisation d'un nom, dont le choix relève d’une municipalité, doit être transmise à la Commission par courriel à l’adresse topo@toponymie.gouv.qc.ca. La demande doit contenir les documents et les renseignements suivants :
- Une copie de la résolution municipale ou du règlement (les originaux ne sont pas requis);
- Un plan de localisation du lieu à nommer;
- L'origine et la signification du nom proposé;
- Dans le cas d'un changement de nom, les raisons justifiant un tel changement et la confirmation que la population concernée par celui-ci a été avisée.
Le nom doit respecter les règles d'écriture et être conforme aux critères de choix de la Commission, comme celui sur l'exclusion des noms de personnes vivantes.
Il est à noter qu'il n'existe plus de formulaire de proposition de nom à l'intention des municipalités et que la Commission privilégie l'envoi de la documentation par courriel plutôt que par la poste.
Changer le nom ou le statut d'une municipalité
Pour tout changement d'un nom de municipalité ou de son statut (municipalité de paroisse, municipalité de village...), consultez la section Loi sur l'organisation territoriale municipale du ministère des Affaires municipales et de l’Habitation. Les guides qui y sont présentés expliquent en détail les étapes à suivre pour ce faire.
Call for Papers "Toponymy and Toponomastics at the Intersection between Language Contact and Historical Geography"
Submission Deadline: 1st August 2024
• Historical toponomastics and diachronic toponymy (in general);
• Toponymy, hydronymy, oronymy, and odonymy (in general);
• Etymology and toponymy;
• Toponymy in the context of onomastics;
• Language documentation, field linguistics, and toponymy;
• Toponymy and oral tradition;
• Language contact and toponymy;
• Human geography and toponymy;
• Historical geography and toponymy;
• Toponymy in the context of socio-onomastics.
Especially welcomed are studies dealing with the historical reconstruction of place names, as well as articles focused on complex issues, such as, among others, language contact in prehistoric times and theoretical approaches to the puzzles of original homelands and settlement dynamics of prehistoric speakers through the etymological restitution and analysis of ancient toponyms from different language families and geographical contexts. We particularly invite original perspectives and interdisciplinary approaches.
Toponymy and toponomastics are very significant branches of etymology and the onomastic sciences in general. They are interdisciplinary in nature, associating, among others, historical linguistics with sociolinguistics, human geography, historical geography, cartography, topography, geology, landscape sciences, archaeology, and cultural anthropology.
Place names are a pervasive part of our languages, history, identity, cultural heritage, and societies and are essential components of our everyday life. Some of them date back to prehistoric times and are a sort of ‘living fossil’, allowing us to partly realise the scientific dream of giving a voice to our remote ancestors; others tell us the stories of human communities, both at the local level and by reflecting and documenting decisive historical events and moments.
A large corpus of scientific literature on toponymy and toponomastics is available, but most of the sources and studies (apart from a couple of very recent volumes), both at the intensive and extensive level, do not belong to collections or corpora of research easily and immediately accessible to scholars and students and are ‘scattered here and there’, across books and journals, libraries, and different languages. Moreover, many works focus on specific local contexts or on thematic ‘niches’, which make them not less significant than they are, but aimed at a ‘selected’ readership and not able to provide their ‘audiences’ with a comprehensive view of what toponymy is, especially at the diachronic level.
Because of this, research is still urgently needed on place names in contact areas from all over the world and from different chronological contexts (e.g., toponymic processes triggered by settlement dynamics in prehistoric times and/or in border areas between two different language families), both at the qualitative level (e.g., possible delineation of prehistoric population dynamics through the reconstruction of specific etymologies of localised place names) and at the quantitative level (e.g., possible discovery and classification of large toponymic systems involving the same, original naming process).
Another theme of profound interest is represented by the description and reconstruction of place names and toponymic systems in aboriginal and indigenous territories, especially in the (too) many areas of the world where the local languages are still undocumented and, therefore, endangered. This also opens up a window on oral traditions and cultural identities which, especially in those contexts, have an active and prolific part in the (place) naming processes.
The links between toponymy and human geography are self-evident, as well as the connections with historical geography and with what is called today socio-onomastics. These ‘sister-disciplines’ of toponymy represent a relatively new thematic territory, at the interdisciplinary level, which needs to be thoroughly explored.
Personal Names and Naming from an Anthropological-Linguistic Perspective
- Herausgegeben von:
Band 4 der Reihe Anthropological Linguistics [AL]
This book fills a gap in the literature as it uniquely approaches onomastics from the perspective of both anthropology and linguistics. It addresses names and cultures from 16 countries and five continents, thus offering readers an opportunity to comprehend and compare names and naming practices across cultures.
The chapters presented in this book explore the cultural significance of personal names, naming ceremonies, conventions and practices. They illustrate how these names and practices perform certain culture-specific functions, such as religion, identity and social activity.
Some chapters address the socio-political significance of personal names and their expression of self and otherness. The book also links the linguistic structure of personal names to culture by looking at their morphology, syntax and semantics.
Saturday, August 5, 2023
Anmeldungsfrist ist für die Mainzer Namentagung "Namen und Politik" verlängert
Anmeldungsfrist ist bis zum 15.08.2023 verlängert!
Das Anmeldeformular für die Mainzer Namentagung "Namen und Politik" von 20.-22. September 2023 ist jetzt online
namenforschung.net/tagungen/namen #onomastics #namenforschung #namenpolitik
Wednesday, August 2, 2023
Reminder: September's Symposium on Gender and Names
A reminder about our 2023 event taking place next month:
Dis/continuity in the representation of gender in names across languages
Friday 22nd September 2023, 13.00 – 17.00, BST
A free, online research symposium organised by Dr Jane Pilcher (Nottingham Trent University, UK) and Dr Ivona Barešová (Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic) on behalf of the People’s Names Research Network.
Book your ticket for this free online event via Eventbrite
About the research symposium
This online research symposium aims to advance the present state of knowledge about contemporary gender-related personal naming practices especially in contexts, observed in many countries, of recent shifts around gender equality and in conceptualizations of gender as non-binary. The symposium brings together scholars who are examining gender and given names across a range of languages and cultures in Europe (Spanish, Bulgarian, Icelandic, Czech and German) and Asia (Japanese and Mandarin Chinese). Contributors incorporate the latest findings about current preferences for expressing gender in names, identifying historical shifts, regional and cultural specifics, and their interactions with more general trends in gender relations and identities.
Research Symposium Programme
13.00 – 13.05 Welcome by symposium organisers:
Jane Pilcher, Nottingham Trent University, UK & Ivona Barešová, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
13.05 – 13.25 Paper Session 1. Chair: Ivona Barešová
Carmen Fernández Juncal, University of Salamanca, Spain
'Gender distinction in European Spanish anthroponyms'
13.25 – 13.45 Paper Session 2
Anna-Maria Balbach, University of Muenster, Germany
'Given Names and Gender: An Initial Comparison between Germany and Other European Countries'
13.45 – 14.05 Paper Session 3
Maya Vlahova-Angelova, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
'Gender-Neutral Names – A Boundary Phenomenon in the Bulgarian Anthroponomasticon'
14.05 – 14.15 10 min Q & A. Chair: Ivona Barešová
14.15 - 14.25 10 mins break
14.25 - 14.45 Paper Session 4. Chair:
Agata Michnowska, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland
'Gender-neutral given names in Iceland'
14.45 - 15.05 Paper Session 5
Žaneta Dvořáková, Pavel Štěpán, Czech Academy of Sciences
'Gender-neutral names and transgender people in Czechia'
15.05 – 15.15 10 min Q & A. Chair: TBC
15.15 - 15.25 10 mins break
15.25 – 15.45 Paper Session 6. Chair: TBC
Ivona Barešová, Tereza Nakaya, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
'Gender-neutral names of the youngest Japanese generation: Characteristics of their phonological and graphic forms'
15.45 – 16.05 Paper Session 7
Giancarla Unser-Schutz, Rissho University, Japan
'The role of baby-naming guides in the (re)creation of gender in names: A case study of a popular Japanese guide'
16.05- 16.25 Paper Session 8
Pei-Ci Li, University of Lorraine, France & Marc Allassonnière-Tang, National Museum of Natural History, France
'Gender-specific and neutral naming practice in Mandarin Chinese: A synchronic and diachronic view'
16.25 - 16.35 10 min Q & A. Chair: TBC
16.35- 16.55 Open discussion Chair: Jane Pilcher
16.55-17.00 Closing remarks: Jane Pilcher & Ivona Barešová
Tuesday, August 1, 2023
Congrés Internacional sobre Onomàstica Hispànica 2024
OBJECTIUS
Acostar l’estudi onomàstic a la societat, en especial als jóvens investigadors de les distintes branques del saber.
Explicar el valor patrimonial, històric, lingüístic, etnogràfic i geogràfic de la toponímia i l’antroponímia.
Elaborar un Subcorpus de Documentació Onomàstica dins del CIVAL (AVL), amb aportació de continguts per part de tots els investigadors actuals, atenent també les dades aportades per la bibliografia anterior, per a facilitar la redacció de treballs toponímics (monografies municipals, articles, entrades de llibres, fitxes de nomenclàtors, etc.).
Aprendre millor la metodologia de l’estudi onomàstic de la mà dels millors romanistes.
Publicar i mostrar un conjunt de monografies toponímiques, que expliquen els noms de lloc des del punt de vista etimològic i motivacional.
TEMES
La documentació com a element essencial en l’estudi onomàstic
Toponímia històrica
La circularitat dels topònims i antropònims
Toponímia oral i toponímia cartografiada
VIATGE A L’INTERIOR DEL TOPÒNIM: ETIMOLOGIA I MOTIVACIÓ
Onomàstica de l’Antic Regne de València: el malnom com a base de l’onomàstica
La competenza onomastica nell’insegnamento e nell’uso dell’italiano L2
L’onimia è una componente essenziale e indispensabile del linguaggio. I nomi propri designano oggetti animati e inanimati in modo individualizzato, in ogni caso risultante da processi Iinguistici e socio-comunicativi creativi. Nella padronanza di una lingua straniera non è opportuno, e, in linea diprincipio, non è possibile,tralasciare la conoscenza delle principali categorie onomastiche, che comprendono nomi di persona, nomi geografici, ma anche nomi di vari organismi viventi o entità immaginarie, come pure oggetti culturali e naturali, materiali e immateriali. La competenza onomastica è il punto di partenza per attivare operazioni che arricchiscono la conoscenza di una lingua straniera.
*
Il merito maggiore di questo libro è la sua innovatività: non solo espone l’attuale scarsa attenzione alla competenza onomastica nell’insegnamento delle lingue straniere, ma offre una varietà di esempi che sostengono la tesi dell’importanza di introdurla nelle classi di lingua straniera. […] Le considerazioni generali sono sempre collegate a elenchi di casi tratti dall’italiano, che offrono la prova del forte legame tra lingua e cultura. Un secondo merito è quello di integrare ricerca e applicabilità: ogni osservazione teorica è accompagnata da esempi pratici riferiti alla classe di italiano a studenti stranieri, in particolare a studenti polacchi.
Dalla recensione della prof.ssa Pierangela Diadori
Va sottolineata la pertinenza della monografia e la sua straordinaria utilità. […] Essa fornisce non solo nozioni teoriche ma, soprattutto, numerosi esempi di traduzioni adeguate di antroponimi e toponimi, nonché di nomi di marche e di istituzioni, accompagnati da commenti dettagliati sulla loro origine e sulla funzionalità. Il libro risulterà una guida specialistica a linguisti, insegnanti etraduttori di italiano, nonché a studenti di corsi accademici comme l’italianistica, la linguistica applicata e la romanistica.·
Dalla recensione della prof.ssa Marta Kaliska
INDICE
Ringraziamenti e dedica 9
Prefazione 11
1. Introduzione 13
1.1. La composizione del volume 14
1.2. L’ipotesi di ricerca e lo stato attuale negli studi 17
1.3. La caratteristica del background linguistico-culturale e la metodologia di ricerca 20
2. Insegnare i nomi propri 23
2.1. L’inquadramento della competenza onomastica nella prassi glottodidattica 24
2.1.1. La competenza onomastica tra le altre competenze da raggiungere 24
2.1.2. I nomi propri come elemento della lingua insegnata 28
2.1.3. Valori comunicativi, filologici, psicologici dei nomi propri 30
2.1.4. L’esempio di un discorso onomastico sull’urbonimo Roma 35
2.1.5. Proposte di attività didattiche con gli urbanonimi romani 37
2.1.5.1. Le attività onomastiche 37
2.1.5.2. Le attività strutturali 44
2.1.5.3. Le attività filologiche 49
2.1.5.4. Le attività di comunicazione e pratica culturale 53
2.1.6. Discussione e conclusione 63
2.2. Il mondo creativo dei nomi propri e l’approccio glottodidattico 66
2.2.1. Introduzione 66
2.2.2. Che cos’è un nome proprio? 68
2.2.3. Che cosa può essere denominato con un nome proprio? 68
2.2.4. Quali scienze studiano i nomi propri? 69
2.2.5. Come l’onomastica sistematizza il mondo dei nomi propri? 72
2.2.6. Che cosa si può trarre dall’onimia nell’insegnamento dell’italiano? 83
2.2.7. Conclusione 89
2.3. L’onimia e lo sviluppo della competenza onomastica in italiano L2 91
2.3.1. Introduzione 91
2.3.2. I materiali (glotto)didattici e l’onimia 92
2.3.3. L’onimia nella classe di italiano L2 94
2.3.4. La competenza onomastica e l’insegnamento dell’italiano L2 96
2.3.5. Proposte di esercitazione e perfezionamento della competenza onomastica 98
2.3.6. Conclusione 99
2.4. La conoscenza dei nomi commerciali come elemento della competenza linguistica e interculturale in italiano L2 100
2.4.1. Dalla Fiat alla Lavazza con una sosta dolce alla Nutella 100
2.4.2. Nozioni metodologiche 101
2.4.3. Messa in scena dei nomi Fiat, Lavazza, Nutella 101
2.4.4. Nomi commerciali – “nomi parlanti” 104
2.4.5. Crematonimi nella comunicazione di marketing 104
2.4.6. Processi di onimizzazione, transonimizzazione e appellativizzazione 105
2.4.7. Il nome di marca come oggetto ed elemento della cultura sociale 107
2.4.8. La ricerca nel branding 107
2.4.9. I nomi di marchio nella prassi glottodidattica 108
2.4.10. Lessicultura e competenza onomastica 109
2.4.11. Conclusione 112
3. Dall’uso all’applicazione glottodidattica dei nomi propri 113
3.1. La dimostrazione dei fatti onomastici, linguistici e culturali nei cataloghi onimici 114
3.1.1. Il catalogo dei nomi di battesimo italiani con i loro equivalenti polacchi 118
3.1.2. Il catalogo dei cognomi più diffusi in Italia 160
3.1.3. Il catalogo dei nomi geografici in italiano e gli equivalenti in polacco 189
3.1.4. Il catalogo dei marchi italiani o d’origine italiana più po- polari 231
3.1.5. Il catalogo dei nomi delle istituzioni e organizzazioni italiane scelte con le traduzioni in polacco 266
3.2. Proposte di attività nello sviluppo della competenza onomastica 279
3.2.1. Le attività didattiche in riferimento ai nomi personali (NP) 279
3.2.2. Le attività didattiche in riferimento ai nomi geografi i (NG) 283
3.2.3. Le attività didattiche in riferimento ai marchi commerciali italiani più famosi (NM) 285
3.2.4. Le attività didattiche in riferimento ai nomi di istituzioni (NI) 287
4. Osservazioni conclusive 291
Riferimenti bibliografici 297
Altri riferimenti e fonti in Rete 317
Appendice I. I dati sui personaggi italiani famosi in alcuni gruppi culturali 325
Appendice II. Il glossario dei termini onomastici chiave 335
Riassunto in italiano 353
Riassunto in inglese. English summary 357
Riassunto in francese. Résumé en français 361
Riassunto in polacco. Streszczenie w języku polskim 365
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